Chapter 5 test pgs 158-173

Question 1

what is the single point of attachment of the shoulder girdle to the axial skeleton

Answer 1

the clavicle attaches medially to the sternum

Question 2

where are the carpals found, and what type?

Answer 2

they are short bones found in the wrist

Question 3

what three bones form the hip bone? what two bones form each pectoral girdle

Answer 3

ilium ischium and pubis

Question 4

in what three ways does the bony pelvis of a woman differ from that of a man?

Answer 4

the female pelvis is broader, lighter, has less acute pubic angle, ,a wider inlet and outlet, and shorter ischial spines

Question 5

what two bones form the skeleton of the leg?

Answer 5

tibia and fibula

Question 6

bo’s longitudinal and medial arches have suffered a collapse. What is the name of bo’s condition

Answer 6

flat feet

Question 7

which bones of the lower limb has an intertrochanteric line and crest and an intercondylar fossa?

Answer 7

femur

Question 8

what are the funcitons of joints

Answer 8

to connect bones together and allow flexibility in the body

Question 9

what is the major difference between fibrous joint and cartilaginous joint?

Answer 9

fibrous joints have connective tissue fibers in fibrous joint and cartilage in cartilaginous jionts

Question 10

where is synovial membrane found and what is its role

Answer 10

they line synovial joint capsules and they provide a source of lubricating fluid for the joint

Question 11

what two joints of the body are ball-and- socket joints? what is the best examples of a saddle joint

Answer 11

shoulder and hip; carpometacarpal joint of hte thumb is a saddle joint

Question 12

flexible, lightweight, shallow socket for limb attachment; consists of clavicle and a scapula

Answer 12

pectoral girdle (shoulder girdle)

Question 13

collarbone; a slender, doubly curved bone, attaches to the manubrium of the sternum medially and to the scapula laterally

Answer 13

clavicle

Question 14

shoudler blades, triangular and are comonly called “wings”

Answer 14

scapulae

Question 15

enlarged end of the spine of the scapula

Answer 15

acromion

Question 16

beaklike end of the spine of the scapula

Answer 16

coracoid process

Question 17

serves as a nerve passageway;

Answer 17

suprascapular notch

Question 18

shallow socket that receives the head of the arm bone

Answer 18

glenoid cavity

Question 19

single bone that forms the arm; a typical long bone

Answer 19

humerous

Question 20

separates two bony projections anterolateral to the head

Answer 20

intertubercular

Question 21

midpoint of the shaft of the humerous is the deltoid tuberosity; this is where the large, fleshy deltoid muscle of the shoulder attaches

Answer 21

deltoid tuberosity

Question 22

runs obliquely down posterior aspect of the shaft; marks the course of the radial nerve ( an important nerve of the upper limb)

Answer 22

radial groove

Question 23

distal end of the humerous; looks like a spool

Answer 23

trochlea

Question 24

Contrast the general function of the axial skeleton to that of the appendicular skeleton

Answer 24

the axial skeleton makes up the axis of the body and protects the brain and viscera

Question 25

articulations; sites where two or more bones meet

Answer 25

joints

Question 26

functional classification for joints:

Answer 26

synarthroses- immovable joints amphiarthroses -slightly moveable jonts diarthroses - freely moveable joints

Question 27

structural classification of joints

Answer 27

fibrous- immovable cartilaginous- moveable and immoveable synovial joints - freely moveable

Question 28

fibrous - bones are united by fibrous tissue (sutures of the skull)

Answer 28

fibrous joint

Question 29

happens when a bone is forced out of its normal position in the joint cavity

Answer 29

dislocation

Question 30

process of returning the bone to its proper position

Answer 30

reduction

Question 31

synovial joint classifications based on shape

Answer 31

plane, hinge, pivot, condylar, saddle, and ball-and-socket

Question 32

articular surfaces are flat, and only short slipping or gliding movements are allowed; nonaxial movements (gliding does not involve rotation around any axis (intercarpal joints of wrist)

Answer 32

plane joint

Question 33

cylindrical end of one bone fits into a trough-shapeed surface on another bone (elbow joint)

Answer 33

hing joint

Question 34

rounded end of one bone fits into a sleeve or ring bone; uniaxial (bone can only turn aroound its long axis)

Answer 34

pivot joint

Question 35

egg-shaped articular surface of one bone fits into an oval concavity in another; biaxial (bone travels side to side and back and forth but not around long axis) knuckle joints

Answer 35

condylar joint

Question 36

articular surface has both convex and concave areas; biaxial; joints in thumb

Answer 36

saddle joint

Question 37

the spherical head of one bone fits into a round socket in another; mulitaxial (movement in all axes)l; shoulder and hip

Answer 37

ball-and-socket

Question 38

joint inflammation

Answer 38

arthur write this

Question 39

type of arthritis; chronic degenerative condition; cartilage breaks down over the years

Answer 39

osteoarthritis

Question 40

crunching noise in joints

Answer 40

crepitus

Question 41

chronic inflammatory disorder; inflammation of synovial membranes

Answer 41

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 42

disease in which uric acid accumulates in the blood and may be deposited as needle-shaped crystals in the soft tissues of the joints

Answer 42

gouty arthritis (gout)

Question 43

bone-thinnning disease

Answer 43

osteoporosis