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Anatomy > Chapter 5-tissue > Flashcards

Chapter 5-tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Tissue

A

Group of similar cells that preform a common function

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2
Q

4 Types of tissue

A

Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
Muscular

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3
Q

Ectoderm

A

Makes epidermis and nervous

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4
Q

Endoderm

A

Makes lung tissue thyroid tissue and pancreas tissue

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5
Q

Mesoderm

A 
Makes connective tissue and muscle tissue
Cardiac muscle 
Skeletal muscle
Bone
Blood
Smooth muscle
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6
Q

Epithelial tissue

A

Covers body surface
Forms glands
Exposed to environment
(Cover over everything)

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7
Q

Glandular epithelium

A

Exocrine gland- secrete products into ducts

Endocrine glands-secrete hormones into blood

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8
Q

Key component in epithelial tissue is

A

Extra cellular matrix

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9
Q

Simple squamous epithelium

A

Allows for diffusion and filtration because of thinness

Lining of blood and lymphatic vessels, alveoli

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10
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium

A

Secretes and absorbs

Ducts and tubules of many organs including the kidneys

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11
Q

Simple columnar epithelium

A

Absorption, secreted mucus by goblet cells

Lines the intestines

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12
Q

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Protection, secretes mucus

Lines trachea, large bronchi, and nasal mucosa

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13
Q

Cutaneous membrane

A

Largest membrane
Known as the skin
Layer of epithelium resting on connective tissue

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14
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium

A

Resists abrasion and pathogens, some contain keratin

Epidermis of skin, esophagus, vagina

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15
Q

Transitional epithelium

A

Stretching to allow filling of urinary tract

Urinary tract

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16
Q

Connective tissue fibers may be

A

Collagenous-strong and flexible
Reticular- support small structures
Elastic- can stretch and recoil

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17
Q

The basic classification of connective tissue are

A

Fibrous (lose or dense) connective tissue
Cartilage
Bone
Blood

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18
Q

Lose connective tissue

A 
Fibers are loosely arranged 
Stretchable 
Areolar tissue
Adipose tissue
Reticular tissue
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19
Q

Areolar tissue

A

Lose connective tissue
Consists of collagen and elastin fibers in a soft gel like matrix
Connects many adjacent structures in the body
Surrounds blood vessels, nerves, the esophagus, and the tracheae
Under almost all epithelia

20
Q

Adipose tissue

A 
Lose connective tissue 
Dominated by fat cells
Supporting pads that protect many structures like the kidneys
Storage for excess food
Insulates body
21
Q

Reticular tissue

A

Loose connective tissue
Large network of reticular fibers and cells
Forms framework of the spleen lymph nodes and bone marrow

22
Q

Dense connective tissue

A

Closely packed collagen fibers
Form tendons, fascia and ligaments
Have few blood vessels

23
Q

Tendons

A

Attach muscle to bone

Formed by dense connective tissue

24
Q

Ligaments

A

Attach bone to bone

Formed by dense connective tissue

25
Q

Fascia

A

Bind organs and muscles

Formed by dense connective tissue

26
Q

Cartilage

A

Type of dense connective tissue
Composed of chondrocytes
Rubbery flexible matrix
No blood vessels

27
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

Most common

Found at movable joints larynx and trachea (aka:articular cartilage)

28
Q

Elastic cartilage

A

Provides flexible support to external ear and epiglottis

29
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Strongest cartilage

Forms disks between vertebrae and in knee because it resists compression and absorbs shock

30
Q

Bone

A

Osseous tissue
Made of bone cells Called osteocytes
Mineral salt crystals make the bone hard
Rich in blood

31
Q

Blood

A

Only connective tissue that does not contain fibers

Surrounded by a liquid matrix called plasma

32
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Has a high degree of excitability and conductivity
Neurons-conduct nervous impulses
Neuroglia- protect and assist neurons

33
Q

Muscle tissue

A

Tissue consisting of fibers that effect movement of the body

34
Q

Skeletal muscle

A 
Consist of long thin cells called muscle fibers 
Voluntary muscle (breathing, speech, urination, facial expression)
35
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Found in the heart
Joined together with intercalated discs
Involuntary

36
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Involuntary
Lines walls of many organs
Controls blood pressure and flow

37
Q

Tissue repair can happen in two different ways

A

Regeneration- new cells are formed to replaced damaged ones (skin)
Fibrosis- replaced with scar tissue(mostly collagen), doesn’t restore function (burns all muscle and nerve tissue)

38
Q

Membrane

A

Thin sheet of tissue that helps lubricate and sperate organs

39
Q

Mucus membrane

A

Help sweep mucus out to get rid of unwanted substances

40
Q

Connective tissue membranes

A

Synovial membrane lines spaces between bone. Synovial fluid keeps the joint lubricated

41
Q

Necrosis

A

Irreversible cell death

42
Q

Gangrene

A

Death of tissue from inaccurate blood supply

43
Q

Stem cells

A

Specialize so that can differentiate into many different types of cells

44
Q

Sacropenia

A

Loss of muscle mass strength and function due to aging

45
Q

Parietal plura

A

Outer membrane on the lungs

Anatomy (15 decks)

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