Chapter 5 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

consciousness

A

A person’s subjective experience of the world and the mind

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2
Q

phenomenology

A

How things seem to the conscious person.

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3
Q

problem of other minds

A

The fundamental difficulty we have in perceiving the consciousness of others.

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4
Q

mind/body problem

A

The issue of how the mind is related to the brain and body.

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5
Q

cocktail party phenomenon

A

A phenomenon in which people tune in one message even while they filter out others nearby.

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6
Q

minimal consciousness

A

A low-level kind of sensory awareness and responsiveness that occurs when the mind inputs sensations and may output behavior.

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7
Q

full consciousness

A

Consciousness in which you know and are able to report your mental state.

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8
Q

self-consciousness

A

A distinct level of consciousness in which the person’s attention is drawn to the self as an object.

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9
Q

mental control

A

The attempt to change conscious states of mind.

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10
Q

thought suppression

A

The conscious avoidance of a thought.

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11
Q

rebound effect of thought suppression

A

The tendency of a thought to return to consciousness with greater frequency following suppression.

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12
Q

ironic processes of mental control

A

Mental processes that can produce ironic errors because monitoring for errors can itself produce them.

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13
Q

dynamic unconscious

A

An active system encompassing a lifetime of hidden memories, the person’s deepest instincts and desires, and the person’s inner struggle to control these forces.

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14
Q

repression

A

A mental process that removes unacceptable thoughts and memories from consciousness

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15
Q

cognitive unconscious

A

The mental processes that give rise to the person’s thoughts, choices, emotions, and behavior even though they are not experienced by the person.

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16
Q

subliminal perception

A

A thought or behavior that is influenced by stimuli that a person cannot consciously report perceiving.

17
Q

altered states of consciousness

A

Forms of experience that depart from the normal subjective experience of the world and the mind.

18
Q

circadian rhythm

A

A naturally occurring 24-hour cycle of sleeping and waking.

19
Q

REM sleep

A

A stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements and a high level of brain activity.

20
Q

insomnia

A

Difficulty in falling asleep or staying asleep.

21
Q

sleep apnea

A

A disorder in which the person stops breathing for brief periods while asleep.

22
Q

somnambulism

A

Occurs when the person arises and walks around while asleep.

23
Q

narcolepsy

A

A disorder in which sudden sleep attacks occur in the middle of waking activities.

24
Q

sleep paralysis

A

The experience of waking up unable to move.

25
Q

night terrors

A

(or sleep terrors) Abrupt awakenings with panic and intense emotional arousal.

26
Q

activation-synthesis model

A

The theory that dreams are produced when the brain attempts to make sense of activations that occur randomly during sleep.

27
Q

psychoactive drugs

A

A chemical that influences consciousness or behavior by altering the brain’s chemical message system.

28
Q

drug tolerance

A

The tendency for larger doses of a drug to be required over time to achieve the same effect.

29
Q

depressants

A

Substances that reduce the activity of the central nervous system.

30
Q

expectancy theory

A

The idea that alcohol effects can be produced by people’s expectations of how alcohol will influence them in particular situations.

31
Q

alcohol myopia

A

A condition that results when alcohol hampers attention, leading people to respond in simple ways to complex situations.

32
Q

stimulants

A

Substances that excite the central nervous system, heightening arousal and activity levels.

33
Q

narcotics or opiates

A

Highly addictive drugs derived from opium that relieve pain.

34
Q

hallucinogens

A

Drugs that alter sensation and perception and often cause visual and auditory hallucinations.

35
Q

marijuana

A

The leaves and buds of the hemp plant.

36
Q

hypnosis

A

An altered state of consciousness characterized by suggestibility and the feeling that one’s actions are occurring involuntarily.

37
Q

hypnotic analgesia

A

The reduction of pain through hypnosis in people who are susceptible to hypnosis.

38
Q

meditation

A

The practice of intentional contemplation.