Chapter # Flashcards
(16 cards)
Opossums, the largest order of marsupials in the Western Hemisphere, have developed an opposable thumb - a characteristic that is generally only seen in completely unrelated primate species. This tendency for completely unrelated species to develop similar characteristics due to the similarity of their environmental conditions is called
A. Convergent evolution
B. Developmental embryology
C. Bio geographical evidence of evolution
D. Comparison of homologous structures
A
Ambulocetus, a species known only through the fossil record, was an amphibious mammal that had many characteristics of modern whales and many characters of the cloven-hoofed mammals from which is descended. Ambulocetus is considered a(n) A. Motivational species B. Transitional species C. Analogous species D. Extant species
B
According to the biological species concept, one species
A. Always looks different from other species
B. Always has a different chromosome number from that of other species
C. Is reproductively isolated from other species
D. Never occupies the same niche as other species
C
A species of flowering plant is successfully fertilized with pollen from a different species of plant. Seeds form and are dispersed by the wind. These seeds germinate and give rise to young hybrid plants. However, these hybrid plants are not very strong and are easily killed by drought and disease, rarely surviving to reproductive age. This is an example of
A. Hybrid Breakdown - a postzygotic reproductive barrier
B. Gametic Isolation - a prezygotic reproductive barrier
C. Hybrid Sterility - a postzygotic reproductive barrier
A
The finches that Charles Darwin encountered on the various Galápagos Islands bad all descended from a common ancestor on the a South American mainland. However, as members of this common ancestor species were geographically isolated from the mainland population, they developed reproductive barriers that resulted in multiple speciation events. What type of speciation does this represent? A. Convergent speciation B. Sympatric speciation C. Allopatric speciation D. Isolated speciation
C
Bordatella pertussis, the causative agent of Whooping Cough, what is the morphology? A. Coccus - round B. Vibrio C. Bacillus - rod D. Spirochete - spiral
C
You might find arches called "thermophiles" (very hot) living in what extreme environment? A. The Matanuska Glacier B. The Great Salt Lake C. The Everglades D. Old Faithful
D
Which of the following major groups of bacteria are helical in shape and include the organisms that cause Lyme disease and syphilis? A. Proteobacteria B. Chlamydias C. Spirochetes D. Gram positive bacteria E. Cyanobacteria
C
In Oregon in 1984, followed of the Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh attempted to control a local election by incapacitating the local population. This was done by infecting salad bars in eleven restaurants, produce in grocery stores, doorknobs, and other public domains with the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium in the city of The Dalles, Oregon. The attack infected 761 people with severe poisoning. Fortunately, there were no fatalities. This is an example of A. Biological manipulation B. Bioremediation C. Microbial infestation D. Biological welfare
D
Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the causative agent of diphtheria - a fatal disease that we routinely vaccinate against. What characteristic of this disease most directly contributes to death?
A. A severe cough that generates a ‘whooping’ sound as the individual tries to catch his or her breath between coughing spasms
B. Profuse diarrhea leading to complete dehydration and multiple organ failure
C. Calcified holes and tunnels running through the lungs that destroy the lungs’ ability to respite
D. Development of a ‘pseudomembrane’ growing down the back of the throat and esophagus that eventually blocks off the windpipe and suffocates the individual
D
Which of the following groups of Protista include a type of algae that incorporate silica into their cell walls and therefore look like they live in 'glass houses'? A. Diplomonads B. Euglenozoans C. Apicomplexans D. Diatoms E. Amoebozoans
D
What is a lichen?
A. A cooperative association between a fungus and brown algae
B. A parasitic association between a fungus and a plant
C. A cooperative association between a fungus and a Cyanobacteria or green algae
D. A parasitic association between a Cyanobacteria or green algae and a plant
C
Which of the following is NOT one of the four key adaptions of plants for life on land? A. Flowers B. Protected embryos C. Chloroplasts D. Development of a vascular system E. Seeds
C
Which of the following correctly describes Alternation of Generation in the plant life cycle?
A. Diploid sporophytes that produce spores by meiosis alternate with haploid gametophytes that produces gametes by mitosis
B. Diploid sporophytes that produce gametes by meiosis alternate with haploid sporophytes that produce gametes by mitosis
C. Diploid gametophytes that produce gametes by meiosis alternate with diploid sporophytes that produce spores by mitosis
D. Diploid gametophytes that produce spores by mitosis alternate with haploid sporophytes that produce spores by meiosis
E. Diploid gametophytes that produce gametes by meiosis alternate with haploid sporophytes that produce spores by mitosis
A
All adult members of this phylum display radial symmetry A. Nemo today B. Arthropoda C. Mollusca D. Echinodermata
D
Which of the following pairs are homologous structures?
A. The wing of a bat and the scales of a fish
B. The antennae of an insect and the eyes of a bird
C. The wing of an insect and the wing of a bird
D. The wing of a bar and the flipper of the whale
D
