Chapter 6

Question 1

The skin and it’s accessory structures( hair, nails, glands, sensory receptors) make up?

Answer 1

Integumentary system (cutaneous membrane)

Question 2

Skin consists of two layers

Answer 2

Epidermis outer
Dermis inner

Question 3

Outer layer of skin; composed of simple squamous epithelium with basement membrane between epidemic and dermis

Answer 3

Epidermis

Question 4

Inner layer of skin, thicker than epidermis. Connective tissue, with collagenous and elastic fibers, blood muscle, nervous tissue

Answer 4

Dermis

Question 5

Layer beneath dermis, insulating layer. Comprised of areolar and adipose tissue, not part of skin contains blood vessels that supply skin

Answer 5

Subcutaneous layer
(hypodermis)

Question 6

Cell of epidermis found in stratum spinosum, phagocytes- protect skin and underlying tissue from infection

Answer 6

Dendritic (langerhans) cells

Question 7

Skin cell found in stratum basale, along with sensory nerve endings, for Tactile Discs in dermis, act as sensory receptors for light touch

Answer 7

Tactile (Merkel) cells

Question 8

Skin cells found in stratum basale, produce the pigment of melanin. Absorbs uv light from sunlight and provides skin color. Protects against DNA damage, fibroblast damage, and skin cancer

Answer 8

Melanocytes

Question 9

Two layers of the dermis

Answer 9

Papillary layer
Reticular layer

Question 10

Superficial layer of dermis, areolar connective tissue, thinner of the two layer. Location of dermal papillae, which forms finger prints

Answer 10

Papillary layer

Question 11

Deeper layer of dermis, dense irregular connective tissue, thicker of the two layers

Answer 11

Reticular layer

Question 12

Accessory structures of the skin consist of

Answer 12

Hair follicles
Nails
Skin glands (sweat and sebaceous)

Question 13

Protective covering of ends of fingers and toes

Answer 13

Nails

Question 14

Parts of nail

Answer 14

Nail plate(body)
Nail bed
Nail matrix
Lunula
Cuticle

Question 15

Tube-like depression of epidermal cells from which hair develops; extends into dermis and or the subcutaneous layer

Answer 15

Hair follicle

Question 16

Extends from skin surface to dermis or hypodermic (hair)

Answer 16

Hair root

Question 17

Deepest part of hair root; contains diving cells of hair matrix

Answer 17

Hair bulb

Question 18

Portion of hair that extends beyond skin surface; composed of dead, epidermal cells

Answer 18

Hair shaft

Question 19

Contains blood vessels to nourish hair

Answer 19

Hair papilla

Question 20

Attached to hair follicle; contracts in response to cold or fear; and causes goose bumps

Answer 20

Arrector pili muscle

Question 21

Holocrine gland that is usually associated with hair follicles, produces sebum; keeps hair and skin soft and waterproof, excess sebum can cause acne

Answer 21

Sebaceous glands

Question 22

Glands that are widespread in skin, originate in deeper dermis or hypodermis as ball-shape coils

Answer 22

Sweat (sudoriferous) glands

Question 23

Three types of sweat glands

Answer 23

Eccrine (merocrine) glands
Apocrine sweat glands
Specialized sweat glands

Question 24

Most numerous glands in skin, consists mainly of water some salts, wastes. Responds to elevated body temp and open to body surface through pores

Answer 24

Eccrine (merocrine) glands

Question 25

Axillary and groin areas; open into hair follicles. Response to emotions and pain

Answer 25

Apocrine sweat glands

Question 26

Two types of specialized sweat glands

Answer 26

Ceruminous glands Mammary glands

Question 27

Ear wax and a produced by

Answer 27

Ceruminous glands

Question 28

Breast milk is produced by

Answer 28

Mammary glands

Question 29

Functions of the skin

Answer 29

Protective barrier Sensation Excretion Vitamin D (starts in skin) Regulate body temperature

Question 30

Four ways heat is lost through the skin

Answer 30

Radiation Conduction Convection Evaporation

Question 31

Primary method, infrared heat rays travel from warmer skin to cooler environment

Answer 31

Radiation

Question 32

Heat moves from warmer skin to cooler object

Answer 32

Conduction

Question 33

Heat loss from skin into circulating air currents

Answer 33

Convention

Question 34

Heat is lost through sweat as it evaporates, and carries heat away from the skin

Answer 34

Evaporation

Question 35

Thermoreceptors signal hypothalamus, validation of dermal blood vessels, vasoconstriction of deep blood vessels, sweat glands activated when...

Answer 35

Body temp rises

Question 36

Thermoreceptors signal hypothalamus, dermal vessels vasoconstrict, deeper blood vessels vasodilate, sweat glands are inactive, muscles contract involuntarily (shiver)

Answer 36

Body temp falls

Question 37

Abnormally high body temperature. Skin becomes dry, person gets weak, dizzy, nauseous, headache, rapid pulse

Answer 37

Hyperthermia

Question 38

Abnormally low body temperature. Progresses to confusion, lethargy, loss of reflexes, and consciousness. Without treatment organs shut down

Answer 38

Hypothermia

Question 39

Normal response to injury or stress, body's attempt to restrict spread of infection. Skin may become reddened, swollen, warm, painful

Answer 39

Inflammation

Question 40

Burn where injuries only to epidermis, as in sun burn; rednesss, heat, inflammation

Answer 40

Superficial, partial thickness (first degree) burn

Question 41

Burn that destroys epidermis and some dermis, as in burns from hot liquid. May blister. Healing varies on burn severity. Stem cells in hair follicles and glands can regenerate skin. Usually recovers completely, no scarring

Answer 41

Deep, partial-thickness (second degree) burn

Question 42

Destroys epidermis, dermis, accessory structures. Prolonged exposure to heat, flames, hot liquid. Some healing from margin. Often requires skin grafts, skin substitutes

Answer 42

Full-thickness (third degree) burn