Chapter 7

Question 1

Skeletal system divided into what two portions

Answer 1

Axial
Appendicular

Question 2

Axial potion of skeleton consists of

Answer 2

Skull, thorax, spinal column bones

Question 3

Appendicular portion of skeleton consists of?

Answer 3

Arms, legs, and pelvic bones

Question 4

Bone that is long, narrow and has expanded ends

Answer 4

Long bone

Question 5

Bones that are cube like

Answer 5

Short bones

Question 6

Bones that are plate like; broad surfaces

Answer 6

Flat bones

Question 7

Bones that are in a variety of shapes, most connected to several other bones

Answer 7

Irregular bones

Question 8

Expanded end of bone

Answer 8

Epiphysis

Question 9

The shaft of bone

Answer 9

Diaphysis

Question 10

Portions of bone between diaphysis and epiphysis, widening part

Answer 10

Metaphysis

Question 11

Covers epiphysis

Answer 11

Articular cartilage

Question 12

Encloses bone; dense connective tissue

Answer 12

Periosteum

Question 13

Makes up outside of bone (hard)

Answer 13

Compact bone

Question 14

Makes up epiphyses (soft)

Answer 14

Spongy bone

Question 15

Makes up spongy bone

Answer 15

Trabeculae

Question 16

Hollow chamber in diaphysis; contains marrow

Answer 16

Medullary cavity

Question 17

Lines bone cavity

Answer 17

Endosteum

Question 18

Red or yellow, lines medullary cavity, spongy bone space

Answer 18

Marrow

Question 19

Mature bone cells

Answer 19

Osteocytes

Question 20

Chambers occupied by osteocytes

Answer 20

Lacunae

Question 21

Tiny passageways through which the cell processes of osteocytes exchange nutrients and wastes

Answer 21

Canaliculi

Question 22

Gives bone resilience

Answer 22

Collagen

Question 23

Makes bone hard

Answer 23

Inorganic salts

Question 24

Provides shape to body, support body structures, protects body structure, aid body movement, contains tissues that produce blood cells, stores inorganic salts

Answer 24

Bones

Question 25

A condition that results from the loss of bone mineralization

Answer 25

Osteoporosis

Question 26

Blood calcium level is regulated by

Answer 26

Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

Question 27

About 70% of bone matrix consists of inorganic mineral salts the most abundant salt is

Answer 27

Hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate)

Question 28

Bones form when bone tissue replaces existing connective tissue in one of two ways. Which are

Answer 28

Intramembranous bones Endochondral bones

Question 29

Break down calcified matrix

Answer 29

Osteoclast

Question 30

Replace cartilage with bone tissue

Answer 30

Osteoblasts

Question 31

Calcium absorption; deficiency causes rickets, osteomalacia (vitamin)

Answer 31

Vitamin D

Question 32

Osteoblast and osteoclast activity; deficiency retards bone development(vitamin)

Answer 32

Vitamin A

Question 33

Collagen synthesis; deficiency results in slender, fragile bones (vitamin)

Answer 33

Vitamin C

Question 34

Stimulates cartilage cell division (hormone)

Answer 34

Growth hormone

Question 35

Number of bones in body

Answer 35

206

Question 36

Axial skeleton has how many bones

Answer 36

80 bones

Question 37

Appendicular skeleton has how many bones

Answer 37

126 bones

Question 38

Fibrous membranes that connect cranial bones, change shape slightly at birth, four major............... close between 2 months and 2 years

Answer 38

Fontanels (soft spots)

Question 39

Protects spinal cord in vertebral canal, 33 bones in infant, 26 in adults

Answer 39

Vertebral column

Question 40

Cervical vertebrae has how many vertebrae

Answer 40

7

Question 41

Thoracic vertebrae has how many vertebrae

Answer 41

12

Question 42

Lumbar vertebrae has how many vertebrae

Answer 42

5

Question 43

Sacral vertebrae has how many vertebrae

Answer 43

5 fused

Question 44

Coccyx has how many vertebrae

Answer 44

4 fused

Question 45

Humans have how many ribs

Answer 45

12

Question 46

How many ribs are true or vertebrosternal; directly connect to sternum

Answer 46

7

Question 47

How many are false ribs

Answer 47

5

Question 48

How many false ribs are vertebrochondrial ribs

Answer 48

3

Question 49

How many false ribs are vertebral or “floating ribs”

Answer 49

2

Question 50

Three parts of the sternum (breastbone)

Answer 50

Manubrium Body Xiphoid process