Chapter 6 Flashcards
(19 cards)
youth seen “at risk”
vulnerable to negative outcomes as they make problems and are a danger to themselves
youth seen “as a risk”
engage in behaviours that threaten others such as criminal activity
youth “at risk:” Substance abuse
-smoking has transitioned from being _________
youth smoking patterns: 1970-1990 = decrease; 1991-1999 = increase; 2000+ = decrease
the primary motivation comes from _________, ______, _________
control efforts include legislation, advertising restrictions, anti-smoking campaigns, and individual efforts
normal to deviant; peer pressure, family income, and education
normative for Canadian youth
-“binge drinking” is of particular concern (defined as five drinks in one sitting for males and four drinks in one sitting for females)
-higher rates are seen among “traditional” university students, members of fraternities/sororities, and university athletes
-university alcohol use has become________ (facilitated by -stringent university policies)
-university binge-drinking is not associated with later alcoholism but does have negative consequences
-became a product of the _______
-problem of the prevention paradox
-_________approaches may be the most effective in reducing harm
polarized; uni environment; prevention paradox
prevention paradox
preventing the entire population instead of the group itself
moral panics
times of heightened concern about an issue that is often connected to media coverage
_______levels of control and supervision with ______ levels of affection = ________likely to be associated with criminal behavior in youth
moderate;high;least
primary predictor of youth crime is
criminal behaviour among peers
motivations for gang involvement in youth:
-to make money=
-social activity/entertainment=
-provide anonymity=
-rejection of mainstream/middle class values=
-commitment to community
-material incentives
-recreation
-place of refuge/camo
-physical protection
-time to resist
racialization
make reference to the racial compostition of the gang but only in the case of non-white gangs
levels of control for gangs
- Informal (what families do to prevent/punish crime)
-formal (in schools, criminal justice systems)
-Retroactive (gang involvement and gang behavior after the fact
-Preventative (prevent youth from joining gangs in the first place)
runaways
running away from home to escape from dangerous or destructive home environment
throwaways
thrown out or edged out of home
Risks of street life
○ Decreased rights- don’t have support or education for their basic needs
○ Victimization and exploitation
○ Health risks-Phys. and mental, sometimes use sex for income for food an drugs, higher chance of pregnancies and STIs, use and abuse of drugs
§ Mental health exasperated on the street
○ Criminal behaviour to meet their needs- utilitarian crimes
prevention and awareness
supporting and reuniting families
early intervention
- Young ppl can be very intrenched into the street life-making it harder to get out
- Outreach efforts-actually have to go directly to those young people instead of waiting for them
- Multi-system collaboration- govt working with the broader community such as schools and programs
- Need access to a multitude of resources
client centered supports
- When they want to get help and get in, they must be able to get in and get what they need
Harm reduction model- zero tolerance policies are unrealistic and don’t work and set them up for people. Have to meet them where they at for accountability and compliance
research and evaluation
understand that they are the most growing and underserved
-use evidence based practices based on what works
stakeholder emgagement
bringing people together with community
