Chapter 7

Question 1

physical appearance serves as the basis on which we___________

Answer 1

judge and are judged

Question 2

cultural appropriation vs cultural appreciation

Answer 2

Appreciation is when someone seeks to understand and learn about another culture in an effort to broaden their perspective and connect with others cross-culturally. Appropriation on the other hand, is simply taking one aspect of a culture that is not your own and using it for your own personal interest.

Question 3

body projects

Answer 3

how we change our bodies

Question 4

camouflaging

Answer 4

adopting normative practices, learned through socialization
-temporary
-non-invasive, superficial
-eg wearing makeup, trendy clothing, hairstyles

Question 5

extending

Answer 5

more functional as it overcomes physical limitations
-semi or non-permanent
-eg; contact lenses, using a cane, sports equipment

Question 6

adapting

Answer 6

removal or repair
-aesthetic or health reasons
-more permanent than camo or extending
-eg; body building, removal of moles, hair removal

Question 7

redesigning

Answer 7

changes body completely
-permanent and invasive
-sometimes a matter of life and death
-most dramatic and least common

Question 8

body modification
-objectivists have focused on both ______ and _____
-subjectivists have focused on individuals’ _______ of self, others, and the world around them

Answer 8

risk; motivation; understandings

Question 9

established femininity

Answer 9

stories of gender
-embodying the cultural feminine ideal and use body mods to enhance that

Question 10

resistant femininity

Answer 10

stories of gender
-reject dominant moral codes
-expressed in larger and masculine designs

Question 11

stories of work

Answer 11

body mod signals membership within occupational group

Question 12

anorexia

Answer 12

low body weight and distorted perceptions about their body weight

Question 13

anoexia causes

Answer 13

§ Individual bio and psych factors; history of abuse; need to be in control; inherited traits (perfectionism and obsessive thinking)
§ Family dynamics; rigid and controlling parents
§ Sociocultural factors;- society emphasizes thinness and media perpetuates this ideal

Question 14

muscle dysmorphia

Answer 14

characterized by a negative body image and an obsession with developing muscle; often accompanied by a problematic relationship with food and anabolic steroid use

Question 15

primary prevention

Answer 15

prevent from happening in the first place

Question 16

secondary prevention

Answer 16

intervening with those who have early symptoms before it develops into something worse

Question 17

Social control of “too thin”

Answer 17

• Primary prevention-prevent anorexia from happening in the first place
  ○ School and communities educate about EDs
  ○ Challenge the body ideal and our obsession with it
  
  • Secondary prevention-intervening with those who have early symptoms before they develop into something worse
  • Treatment-target the individual and interpersonal
    ○ Therapy, indiv psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioural therapy (change the way people think because it’s the precursor for the way you act)
    ○ Family and group counselling
    ○ Drug therapy to treat anorexia
  • Media-when an celebrity is on the verge of an ED they are called out for being too thin
  • Society- challenging the ideal
    ○ More “fit” than thin
  • Interpersonal- subject to greater scrutiny, may have food pushed on them, encourage fear
  • Govt- ban underweight models, target the industry

Question 18

resisting the label of “too thin”

Answer 18

-pervasiveness of weight loss
-stigma management strategies- wearing baggy clothes, not going to bathroom so they don’t seem bulimic
-ana websites