chapter 6

Question 1

causal attribution

Answer 1

the process of assigning causes to behaviors

Question 2

dispositional attributions

Answer 2

when we explain a behavior as caused by a persons personality

Question 3

situational attribution

Answer 3

when we explain a behavior as caused by the situation

Question 4

jones 1961

Answer 4

\showed participants a video of a man interviewing for a job, participants beleived that behavior was only representitive of true personality when it didnt match the requirements for the job

Question 5

the covariation model

Answer 5

we observe people’s behaviors over time and compare it to other situations we have experienced

Question 6

consistancy ( covariation )

Answer 6

does this situation always produce this behavior

Question 7

distinctiveness (covariation )

Answer 7

does behavior occur only in this situation and not in others

Question 8

consensus (covariation )

Answer 8

do other people in this situation engage in this behavior

Question 9

fundamental attribution error FAE

Answer 9

the tendency to overestimate the extent to which behavior is due to internal factors and to understimate how much behavior is due to situational factors

Question 10

jones + Harris

Answer 10

FAE whether or not the writer had a choice what they were assigned to write did not have much of an effect on attribution

Question 11

individualistic vs collectivistic cultures

Answer 11

individualistic cultures have more of an independent self concept while collectivistic cultures rely more on situational descriptors

Question 12

hang 2000

Answer 12

residents of hong kong were more likely to think an action was caused by personality or lack of decipline when they thought the person making the action was american

Question 13

the actor observer bias

Answer 13

we are more likely to make dispositional attributions for other’s behaviors and situational attributions for our own behavior

Question 14

taylor

Answer 14

perceptual salience- you are more likely to pay attention to the person you see in a conversation rather than the person you don’t

Question 15

two step attribution process

Answer 15

1.) our first attribution is dispositional and automatic
2.) we then think about possible situaitonal factors

Question 16

self serving attribution

Answer 16

we take credit for our successes but blame the situation for our failures, we do the same for groups we are a part of

Question 17

belief in a just world

Answer 17

a defensive attribution, if bad things happen to bad people we can be good and not be in any danger