people and studies exam #3

Question 1

Walster 1966

Answer 1

physical attractiveness is most important in determining likability

Question 2

Brand 2012

Answer 2

dating profiles of handsome men were judged to have better text content
(what is beautiful is good stereotype)

Question 3

Zebrowitz 1996

Answer 3

men and women prefer facial features that signal youth

Question 4

Langlios & Roggman

Answer 4

less unique faces were judged as more attractive

Question 5

Peterson & Hyde 2010

Answer 5

women prefer status over physical attraction more in cultures in which women have a lower status

Question 6

Back 2008

Answer 6

students are more likely to report themselves as friends with the people sitting closer to them even if the seating is done by the professor

Question 7

festinger 1950

Answer 7

residents of a large housing complex are more likely to make friends with immediate neighbors…and people who live in high traffic areas (near mailboxes or stairways) are more likely to report having more friends overall

Question 8

moreland and beach 1992

Answer 8

had female confederates attend large classes either 5, 10 or 15 times. Students were shown pictures of the confederates and asked “do you recognize this student” and “ how much do you like this student”. The number of visits did not affect recognition, but it did increase liking.

Question 9

white 1981

Answer 9

had male college students run in place for either 15 or 120 seconds and then watched a video of either an attractive or unattractive person describing their hobbies. The participants who ran for a longer amount of time had a more extreme rating of attractiveness of the person

Question 10

Aron 1992

Answer 10

using the Inclusion of other in the self (IOS) scale found that a stronger relationship or a more satisfying relationship will report feeling more like one person instead of two

Question 11

Lamiex & Hale 2002

Answer 11

long term relationships reported less passion and intimacy, and higher commitment → commitment predicts duration

Question 12

Aron 1997

Answer 12

manipulates self-disclosure of intimate thoughts by pairing college students with another college student that they did not know. Those who shared more personal thoughts rated themself closer to the other person

Question 13

Mkenna 2002

Answer 13

many people have a close relationship with someone they met online, 25% of people got engaged, or are cohabitating with someone they met online → online communication is influencing the development of relationships

Question 14

reagan 1972

Answer 14

activated guilt in a field study, found that ps are more likely to be altruistic if they already feel guilty even about something unrelated

Question 15

C. Danial Batson

Answer 15

true altruism exists in the form of empathy

Question 16

Toi

Answer 16

ps evaluated a tape for a new radio program in which someone talks about pretty severe struggles. Participants are given an envelope asking if they would help this person. They are either presented with a high or low cost, and a request of high or low empathy. This demonstrated the difference between social exchange and true altruism

Question 17

Paul Bloom

Answer 17

babies know the social value and preference of altruistic or helpful traits from an early age this supports the innate or nature aspect of the development of altruism

Question 18

Darley & Batson 2011

Answer 18

seminary students walking to deliver a speech they wrote; encountered a seemingly sick confederate in a hallway. Those who were less late were more likely to help since it had little to no cost to them.

Question 19

hardy and Van Vugt 2006

Answer 19

being cooperative results in higher social status

Question 20

Batson

Answer 20

when given the chance, students are more likely to lie to their own benefit if nobody is watching, trade-offs exist between helping ourselves and helping others

Question 21

Latane & Darley 1970

Answer 21

if nobody else reacts to a situation, we are less likely to react any differently than they are

Question 22

Batson 1989

Answer 22

categorized students into externally religious vs internally religious, found that internally religious people are more likely to help than externally religious people

Question 23

Dooly 1995

Answer 23

had participants read about a person who contracted AIDS from different origins/ in different ways. Found that when the origin of the condition was due to external factors/situational attributions, people were more likely to help.

Question 24

berman 2009

Answer 24

increased serotonin levels seemed to increase the regulation of aggression

Question 25

Griffit & Veitch 1971

Answer 25

extreme temperatures increase the likelihood for aggression

Question 26

Ostrov 2004

Answer 26

all white crayons and one orange crayon were provided to children, boys were more likely to use physical aggression to get the crayon, and girls were more likely to bully others into giving them the crayon

Question 27

Bushman & Anderson 2002

Answer 27

ps played violent/non-violent video games and then read a story about an annoying car accident, they were then asked to report their thoughts and feelings. Those who played the violent video game (Doom) were more likely to display more aggression

Question 28

Griffit & Veitch 1971

Answer 28

extreme temperatures increase the likelihood for aggression

Question 29

Triplett 1989

Answer 29

cyclists competing with other cyclists vs. alone show social facilitation

Question 30

Markus 1978

Answer 30

: participants completed the easy tasks faster when they were being watched, but were slower completing the more difficult tasks while being watched

Question 31

zajonc

Answer 31

being watched increases physiological arousal making you more alert and efficient