Chapter 6

Question 1

Ampulla

Answer 1

An enlarged region of each semicircular canal that contains the receptor cells (hair cells) of the vestibular system

Question 2

Amusia

Answer 2

Disorder characterized by the inability to discern tunes accurately or to sing

Question 3

Anosmia

Answer 3

Inability to detect odors

Question 4

Central Deafness

Answer 4

Hearing impairment in which the auditory areas of the brain fail to processes and interpret action potentials from sound stimuli
Related to damage in auditory brain areas (by strokes, tumors, traumatic injuries, etc)

Question 5

Cochlear Nucleus

Answer 5

Either of two brainstem nuclei

Receive input from auditory hair cells and send output to the superior olivary nuclei

Question 6

Conduction Deafness

Answer 6

Hearing impairment in which the sound vibrations in air fail to be converted into waves of fluid in the cochlea
Associated with defects of the external ear or middle ear

Question 7

Cortical Deafness

Answer 7

Form of central deafness
Caused by damage to both sides of the auditory cortex
Difficult in recognizing all complex sounds (verbal or nonverbal)

Question 8

Inferior Colliculi

Answer 8

Paired grey matter structures of the dorsal midbrain that process auditory information

Question 9

Medial Geniculate Nucleus

Answer 9

Either of two nuclei in the thalamus

Receive input from the inferior colliculi and send output to the auditory cortex

Question 10

Organ of Corti

Answer 10

Structure in the inner ear that lies on the basilar membrane of the cochlea and contains the hair cells and terminations of the auditory nerve

Question 11

Oval Window

Answer 11

Opening from the middle ear to inner ear

Question 12

Pheromone

Answer 12

Chemical signal that is released outside the body of an animal and affects other members of the same species

Question 13

Place Coding

Answer 13

Pitch of a sound is determined by the location of activated hair cells along the length of the basilar membrane

Question 14

Round Window

Answer 14

Membrane separating the tympanic canal from the middle ear

Question 15

Sensorineural deafness

Answer 15

Hearing impairment most often caused by the permanent damage or destruction of hair cells
Also can be caused by an interruption of the vestibulocochlear nerve that carries auditory information to the brain

Question 16

Stereocilium

Answer 16

Relatively stiff hair that protrudes from a hair cell in the auditory or vestibular system

Question 17

Superior Olivary Nucleus

Answer 17

Either of two brainstem nuclei
Receive input from both right and left cochlear nuclei
Provide the first binaural analysis of auditory information

Question 18

Temporal Coding

Answer 18

Pitch of a sound is determined by the rate of firing of auditory neurons

Question 19

Tinnitus

Answer 19

Sensation of noises or ringing in the ears not caused by external sound

Question 20

Trace Amin-Associated Receptor (TAAR)

Answer 20

Any one of a family of probably pheromone receptors produced by neurons in the main olfactory epithelium

Question 21

Vestibular Nucleus

Answer 21

Brainstem nucleus that receives information from the vestibular organs through cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve)

Question 22

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

Answer 22

Cranial nerve VIII

Runs from the cochlea to the brainstem auditory nuclei

Question 23

Word Deafness

Answer 23

Form of central deafness that is characterized by the specific inability to hear words, although other sounds can be detected