Chapter 6

Question 1

the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

a phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s enviroment

Answer 2

Cell membrane

Question 3

one of the small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function

Answer 3

Organelle

Question 4

in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus

Answer 5

Prokaryotes

Question 6

an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants, and fungi, but not archaebacteria or eubacteria

Answer 6

Eukaryotes

Question 7

a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants, it consists mainly of cellulose

Answer 7

Cell Wall

Question 8

a complex of over 50 proteins plus its own complement of DNA

Answer 8

Ribosome

Question 9

a network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane. It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein and lipid synthesis.

Answer 9

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 10

in eukaryotic cells the cell organelle that is surrounded by 2 membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration

Answer 10

Mitochondrion

Question 11

cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell

Answer 11

Golgi Complex

Question 12

a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell

Answer 12

Vesicle

Question 13

an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane

Answer 13

Lysosome

Question 14

a group of similar cells that perform a common function

Answer 14

Tissue

Question 15

a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body

Answer 15

Organ

Question 16

a living thing; anything that can carry out life processes independently

Answer 16

Organism

Question 17

a group of organs that work together to perform body functions

Answer 17

Organ System

Question 18

the arrangement of parts in an organism

Answer 18

Structure

Question 19

the special normal or proper activity of an organ or part

Answer 19

Function