Chapter 6 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Jargon
Another name for restricted code; specialized terms or abbreviations whose meanings are known only to members of a specific group.
Restricted Code
Set of words that have a particular meaning to a person, group, or culture.
Malapropism
Confusion of one word or phrase for another that sounds similar to it.
Bypassing
Confusion caused by the fact that the same word can mean different things to different people.
Profanity
Words considered obscene, blasphemous, irreverent, rude, or insensitive.
Euphemism
A mild or indirect word that is substituted for one that describes something vulgar, profane, unpleasant, or embarrassing.
How to Manage/Avoid Misunderstandings
Be clear. (Malapropism)
Be specific. (Jargon)
Be aware of changes in meaning, especially labels.
Avoid either or extremes.
Be unbiased. (Avoid hate language, avoid sexist language, avoid racist language, avoid demeaning language.)
Symbol
Word, sound, or visual image that represents something else, such as a thought, concept, or object.
Referent
The thing that symbol represents.
Thought
Mental process of creating an image, sound, concept, or experience triggered by a referent or symbol.
How to Use Words for Comfort or Support
Describe your feelings.
Use I language, not you.
Solve problems rather than control.
Be genuine not manipulative.
Denotative Meaning
Restrictive or literal definition of a word.
Connotative Meaning
Personal and subjective association with a word.
Onomatopoeia
A word that imitates a sound associated with what is named; also, the use of such a word.
Symbolic Interaction Theory
Theory that people make sense of the world based on their interpretation of words or symbols used by others.
Words Influence Thoughts
Because words have the power to influence our thoughts, the meaning of the word resides within us, rather than in the word itself.
Extended “I” Language
Brief preface to a feedback statement intended to communicate that you don’t want your listener to take your message in an overly critical way.
How to Apologize
Not just “I’m sorry.”
Admit fault: “I was wrong.”
Be sincere.
Consider waiting a short time to think about the reason/need for apology.
Elaborated Code
Conversation that uses many words and various ways of describing an idea or concept to communicate its meaning.
How to Be Assertive
Be assertive, not aggressive.
Aggressive = Self centered, blaming, and judging to get what you want.
Assertive = Other-oriented, making requests, asking for information, pursuing your interests without denying others’ rights.
Assertive
Able to peruse one’s own best interest without denying a partner’s rights.
Aggressive
Expressing one’s interests while denying the rights of others by blaming, judging, and evaluating other people.
Assertiveness v.s Aggressiveness
Assertiveness
-Expresses your interests without denying the right of others
-Is other-oriented
-Describes what you want
-Discloses your needs using “I” messages
Aggressiveness
-Expresses your interests and denies the rights of others.
-Is self-oriented
-Evaluated the other person
-Discloses your needs using “you” messages
Culture Bound
The meaning of a symbol such as a word can change from culture to culture.
