Chapter 6 Flashcards
(26 cards)
Passive data
Sit back, watch, collect results
Observational studies involve ____ data collection
Passive
Experiments involve _____ data collection
Active
Experiments are interested in the effect of _____________ on another
One variable
Individuals in an experiment
Subjects (people)
Treatment
Any experimental condition applied to the subjects at random
Explanatory
Online vs classroom
Response
Test scores after course
Confounding or lurking variable
Student preparation
Clinical trials
Experiments that study the effectiveness of drugs on actual patients
Placebo
Fake/inactive pill or treatment
Randomized comparative experiments design
Grp1— treatment1
/ \
Random
Assignment Compare(r.v.)
\ /
Grp2— treatment2
Control group
Can be the group receiving the placebo
How to find lurking variables
Compare treatment and control groups
Some clinical trials use an ____________ instead of a control group
Existing medication
Principles of experimental design
- Control effects of lurking variables
- Randomize- use impersonal chance to assign subjects to treatments
- Use enough subjects (replication) in each group to reduce chance variation in results
Statistical significance
An observed effect is so large that it would rarely occur by chance
Dropouts
When subjects do not complete an experiment that has gone in for an extended period of time
Lack of realism
The experimental setup is not really realistic of the real world
Randomized comparative experiment
Flow chart
Refusals
Nonresponse
Double blind experiments
Neither the subjects nor the people who work with them know which treatment each subject is receiving
Non-adherers
Subjects who participate in an experiment but do not follow the treatment
Institutional review board
Makes sure studies do not harm people
