Chapter 6

Question 1

Visible minorities

Answer 1

persons who are non-caucasian in race or non-white in colour, other than Aboriginal peoples

Question 2

Race

Answer 2

a social construct without scientific basis to describe allegedly distinct groups of people

Question 3

Racialized Groups

Answer 3

The term for the visually identifiable groups who have been labelled according to certain traits & discriminated against

Question 4

Racialization & Health

Answer 4

*Social exclusion & marginalization of racialized individuals & families contribute to poor material conditions & health

Question 5

Social exclusion

Answer 5

A process by which some groups are denied access to material & social resources, thereby excluding full participation in society

Question 6

Ethnicity

Answer 6

Cultural background, including beliefs, language & practices of a specific group of people with a shared way of life

Question 7

Ethnic Group

Answer 7

A group of people who share a background & interact with one another regularly

Question 8

Immigrants

Answer 8

Individuals who were born outside of Canada (first generation) & sought to reside in this country

Question 9

Refugees

Answer 9

Individuals who are often displaced by conflict & persecution & have often fled their country to find safety

Question 10

Immigration in Canada

Answer 10

• 20th century influx of immigrants

* 20% of those living in Canada foreign

Question 11

Health Immigrant Effect

Answer 11

• When immigrants first arrive, they are in better health than Canadians
• Less likely to have chronic conditions or disabilities
• More likely to rate health as good, very good or excellent
• Once in Canada for a number of years, their health status mirrors that of native-born Canadians or immigrants who have been in Canada for 10+ years

Question 12

Reasons for the Healthy Immigrant Effect

Answer 12

• Immigration process- those who might be a danger to public health or cause excessive demand on health care services are rejected
• Self-selection- being in better health allows individuals to emigrate/move
• Health advantages in certain groups can be attributed to social, structural & lifestyle environmental differences

Question 13

Acculturation

Answer 13

A process by which newcomers to a country take on the values & behaviours of their hosts

Question 14

Refugee Health in Canada

Answer 14

• Vulnerable population
• Displacement from country of origing & often family, social network, livelihood etc.
• Experiences prior to coming to Canada can include war, persecution, torture

Question 15

Culture & Health

Answer 15

• Cultural beliefs & values play a role in individuals’ understanding of health & illness
• Influence health behaviours & how symptoms are interpreted
• Illness can be shaped by culturally defined parameters of illness recognition & behaviour
• Immigrants are less likely to seek out primary health care or mental health services than anglo & francophone Canadians

Question 16

Culturally Competent Care

Answer 16

• Need to recognize various cultural backgrounds & diversity of beliefs
• Challenge to provide equitable health resources & services for all Canadians, regardless of ethnic origin, Immigrant status, or language ability

Question 17

Culturally competent health care

Answer 17

Delivery of health-care services in a way that recognizes the cultural beliefs & needs of those they serve

Question 18

Cultural Competency

Answer 18

The ability to conduct professional work in a way that is consistent with the expectations which members of distinctive cultures regard as appropriate among themselves