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UNIT 3/4 PE > Chapter 6-8 > Flashcards

Chapter 6-8 Flashcards

Chapter 6: Three Energy Systems Chapter 7: Acute Responses Chapter 8: Fatigue and Recovery

1
Q

ATP splits into…

A

ADP and Pi

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2
Q

How long does ATP- PC last for?

A

Roughly 12 seconds

ATP= 2, PC=10

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3
Q

ATP is best used for events of:

A

High intensity

Short duration

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4
Q

What is ATP’s rate and yield?

A

High rate

Low yield

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5
Q

The 3 Food Fuels are:

A

Carbohydrates (CHO)
Fats
Protein

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6
Q

Chemical Fuels are:

A

ATP

PC (or CP)

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7
Q

What does yield measure?

A

What produces the most energy

The total amount of resynthesized ATP

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8
Q

Rate determines…

A

What releases energy the fastest

How quickly ATP is resynthesized

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9
Q

The 3 Energy Systems are:

A

ATP-PC
Anaerobic Glycolysis
Aerobic System

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10
Q

What is energy system interplay?

A

That all 3 systems are working together at the same time.

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11
Q

A dominant energy system refers to..

A

The system that is the main contributor, providing the most amount of energy at that point in time.

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12
Q

ATP replenishment occurs within…

A

Muscular contractions

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13
Q

Is the ATP-PC system anaerobic or aerobic?

A

Anaerobic- no oxygen required

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14
Q

To replenish PC stores, ________ recovery should be completed

A

Passive

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15
Q

Why is passive recovery better for anaerobic systems?

A

Gives PC stores to replenish as you are resting (less movement).

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16
Q

Carbohydrates become _______ when broken down in the body.

A

Glycogen

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17
Q

Glycogen is broken down in the absence of _______.

A

Oxygen

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18
Q

When is the anaerobic glycolysis system dominant?

A

After ATP- PC stores have depleted

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19
Q

What are the byproducts produced by the anaerobic glycolysis system?

A

Hydrogen Ions

Lactate (DON’T USE AS AN ANSWER)

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20
Q

Why is active recovery best for the anaerobic glycolysis system?

A

It increases blood flow and oxygen intake which helps to flush out metabolic byproducts.

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21
Q

The anaerobic glycolysis system has a ______ rate and _______ yield compared to ATP.

A

Slower rate

Higher yield

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22
Q

The anaerobic glycolysis system is dominant for_____ seconds.

A

12-75 seconds

at max intensity

23
Q

The Aerobic system requires _______ for energy for muscular contractions.

24
Q

The Aerobic system uses _____ at rest, and _____ during exercise.

A

Rest: Fats
Exercise: Carbohydrates

25
The aerobic system byproducts are:
Carbon Dioxide (C02) Water (H20) Heat ATP
26
Is an acute response short or long term.
Short term
27
V= TV x RR means:
Ventilation = Tidal Volume x Respiratory Rate
28
The two respiratory acute responses are: | 2 answers
1. Increase V= TV x RR (all increase) | 2. Increased pulmonary diffusion
29
What is pulmonary diffusion?
The transfer of oxygen from lungs (alveoli) to the blood (capillaries) through diffusion
30
Cardiovascular acute responses are: | 6 answers
1. Increased Q= SV x HR 2. Increased venous return 3. Increased AV02 difference 4. Increased systolic blood pressure 5. Redistribution of blood flow 6. Decreased blood volume
31
Systolic pressure measures
The pressure on artery walls when the heart contracts
32
Redistribution of blood flow when exercising means:
``` More blood (vasodilation) to the working muscles. Less blood (vasoconstriction) to the digestive system ```
33
AV02 difference measures...
The difference in oxygen concentration in the arterioles compared to the venules
34
Why does AV02 difference increase during exercise?
Working muscles require more oxygen. They take oxygen from the blood to fuel aerobic activity- increasing the AVO2 difference.
35
What is venous return?
Refers to the blood returning to the heart and lungs from the body.
36
Why does venous return increase during exercise?
Because of the 'muscle pump' - it forces muscles to maintain oxygen movement. - Prevents venous pooling - Waste removals
37
Why does blood volume decrease?
During exercise we lose plasma from sweat, as we lose plasma our blood becomes thicker (viscous) making it more difficult to flow through vessels.
38
chapter 8 - What is fatigue?
a reduction in the ability to produce power and force from the muscles
39
Muscular Acute Responses are: | 6 answers
1. Increased motor unit recruitment 2. Increased muscle temperature 3. Increased V02 consumption 4. Increased metabolic byproducts 5. Decreased energy substrate stores 6. Increased muscle enzyme activity
40
Increased motor recruitment occurs because:
There is a need for more power to meet the increase in intensity.
41
What are the decreasing energy substrates in the muscles?
Glycogen Fats (triglycerides) ATP PC
42
What is the lactate inflection point (LIP)?
The final point of steady lactate state.
43
What does decreased energy substrate levels mean?
No more ATP- PC stores (fuel depletion)
44
What are 2 fatiguing factors within the ATP-PC system
Fuel depletion after 10 seconds | having to break down glycogen - decreases the rate of energy production
45
Why does muscle temperature increase with exercise?
A result of increased blood flow and ATP production as intensity increases
46
What is a recovery strategy for the ATP-PC system
Passive recovery which will aid in the replenishment of PC stores
47
What do enzymes do during exercise?
Enzymes speed up the rate of chemical reactions. | They assist the breakdown of ATP to release energy faster (faster intensity increase).
48
What is the role of glycolytic enzymes?
Breakdown glucose to release energy for ATP replenishment.
49
What is accumulated during dominance of the Anaerobic Glycolysis energy system? (fatiguing factors)
accumulation of metabolic by-products: (H+, ADP, Pi)
50
Define Lactation Inflection Point (LIP)
the max sub-max threshold dominant in the aerobic energy system where the oxygen supply is meeting the demand. or the final point where lactate is removed at the same rate oxygen is produced
51
What is the best recovery for the Anaerobic Glycolysis system and why? give an example
active recovery, it is best suited as it is going to remove the H+ faster than passive recovery. An example may be any sport/exercise that is performed at a lower intensity which is going to use the same muscles. extra marks: creates a muscle pump (venous return), prevents venous pooling in the muscles
52
Define 2 fatiguing factors associated with the Aerobic energy system and give a recovery strategy for each
1. Glycogen depletion after 60 minutes of continuous exercise Restored through CHO intake/consumption 2. Elevated body temperature: the capillaries to the skin vasodilate which encourages a redistribution of blood to the skin to cool it down Restored via hydrating before, during and after the event
53
define neuromuscular fatigue and give some examples as well as the recovery method :)
- decreased firing of the CNS: the brain sends signals to the muscles to decrease intensity. passive recovery best suited - loss of electrolytes: calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium (lost in sweat) recovery is ideal from drinking sport drinks (gatorade)

UNIT 3/4 PE (4 decks)

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