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UNIT 3/4 PE > Chapter 9 - fitness components > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - fitness components Flashcards

1
Q

define aerobic power

A

the maximum rate of energy production from the aerobic energy system.
- the explosivity of a movement

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2
Q

what are some examples of events where aerobic power would be evident

A
  • running 1500m+ events
  • triathlons
  • intermittent sport events
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3
Q

give 3 examples of training methods for aerobic power

A

beep test
VO2 max test
continuous, fartlek, long interval

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4
Q

identify and explain 3 obvious affecting factors for aerobic power

A
  • fibre type: slow twitch for aerobic events
  • respiratory system: health of the lungs
  • muscular system: concentration of oxidative enzymes
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5
Q

define body composition

A

The relative proportion of bone, muscle and fat within the body

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6
Q

identify and explain 2 affecting factors of body composition

A
  • genetics: genetic predisposition from our parents

- diet and physical activity levels

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7
Q

give 3 examples of training methods for body composition

A
  • BMI index
  • waist circumference
  • aerobic training (decreases fat), anaerobic training (builds muscle)
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8
Q

define flexibility

A

the range of movement around a joint and the interaction between muscles and bones

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9
Q

what are the 2 types of flexibility

A
  • static: joint range of motion when stationary

- dynamic: resistance to motion in a joint

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10
Q

identify 2 examples of events/sports where flexibility is evident

A

throwing

gymnastics routine

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11
Q

identify and explain 3 affecting factors of flexibility

A
  • joint structure: ball and socket, hinge
  • connective tissue: strength of the joint vs flexibility of the joint
  • muscle temperature: increased muscle temperature = increased muscle elasticity
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12
Q

give 3 examples of flexibility training methods

A
  • joint rotation
  • ankle extension and dorsiflexion test
  • different types of stretching (static, dynamic, PNF)
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13
Q

define muscular endurance

A

the ability of a muscle group to perform repeated contractions against resistance for an extended period of time

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14
Q

give 3 sports that rely on muscular endurance

A
  • swimming
  • running
  • triathlon
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15
Q

give 2 affecting factors for muscular endurance

A
  • fatigue: increased ability to resist fatigue is due to increased lactate tolerance
  • fibre type: slow twitch and fast twitch?
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16
Q

define muscular strength

A
  • the maximal force that can be generated by a muscle or muscle group in one maximal effort
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17
Q

give 3 sports/activities which associates with muscular strength

A
  • weightlifting
  • gripping anything (racket, handle, bat)
  • pushing someone or something
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18
Q

give 3 examples of muscular endurance affecting factors

A
  • speed of contraction: isoinertial (resistance to the muscle through a range of motion), isometric (static hold), isokinetic
  • fibre type and arrangement: unipennate, fusiform (fastest), multipennate (strongest)
  • joint angle: the optimal angle for a muscle to be to create maximal strength
19
Q

give 3 training methods for muscular strength

A
  • one rep max
  • grip strength
  • resistance training
20
Q

define agility

A
  • the ability to change body position or direction quickly and accurately while maintaining balance
21
Q

what are some sports that are associated with the need for agility

A
  • soccer, rugby
  • changing direction in gymnastics
  • dribbling in basketball and soccer
22
Q

give 3 affecting factors for agility

A
  • centre of gravity: the lower the centre of gravity, the more the agility
  • flexibility: the more flexible you are, the faster yo are able to change direction
  • line of gravity: staying inside the line of gravity will result in greater agility
23
Q

give 3 examples of training methods for agility

A
  • Illinois agility test
  • 5-0-5 agility test
  • short interval with changes in direction
24
Q

define anaerobic capacity

A

the amount of energy that the body can produce without using oxygen

25
Q

give 2 examples of events/sports that are associated with anaerobic capacity

A
  • sprint events

- high explosive events

26
Q

give 2 examples of affecting factors for anaerobic capacity

A
  • lactate tolerance: higher trained athletes have a higher lactate tolerance and are able to perform for longer anaerobically
  • larger fibre recruitment: the more muscle fibres recruited, the more explosive you will be due to more power being able to be produced
27
Q

give 3 examples of training methods for anaerobic capacity

A
  • phosphate recovery test
  • 30 second Wingate test
  • Repco peak power test
  • short intermediate interval
28
Q

define balance

A
  • the body’s ability to remain in a state of equilibrium while performing a desired task
29
Q

define static balance

A

body control while not moving

30
Q

define dynamic balance

A
  • it involves keeping the body’s balance under control while moving
31
Q

what are 3 examples of affecting factors for balance

A
  • centre of gravity: a larger centre of gravity will result in more balance
  • base of support: an increase in the size of the base of support increases balance
  • ear issues: the brain controls balance using feedback received from the inner ear
32
Q

define coordination

A

the ability to use different parts of the body together smoothly and efficiently

33
Q

give 3 examples of activities where coordination is evident

A
  • ball sports involving eye-hand or eye-foot coordination
  • dancing
  • gymnastics routine
34
Q

give 3 examples of affecting factors for coordination

A
  • poor vision
  • stage of development: associative, autonomous, cognitive
  • cognitive limitations: lowered cognition is associated with low coordination
35
Q

define muscular power

A

the ability to contract muscles with speed and force in one EXPLOSIVE act

36
Q

what are some activities for muscular power

A
  • explosive events: throwing
  • golf drive
  • tackles
  • jumps
37
Q

give 3 affecting factors for muscular power

A
  • speed of contraction: combination of force and speed
  • muscular strength: increases with maximum power production
  • motor unit recruitment: higher recruitment of muscle fibres will result in greater muscular power
38
Q

give 4 examples of training methods for muscular power

A
  • vertical jump
  • standing long jump
  • resistance training
  • plyometrics
39
Q

define speed

A

the ability to move the whole body from one place to another in the shortest time possible

40
Q

what are some activities associated with speed

A
  • sprint events
  • accelerating to create space from opponents in team games
  • racket and club speed in striking sports
41
Q

give 3 affecting factors for speed

A
  • anaerobic power: increased power will have more speed
  • muscle arrangement: fusiform muscles generate more speed than pennate
  • lactate tolerance: idk lol
42
Q

define reaction time

A
  • how quickly the body can react to an external stimuli

- essential for speed and agility

43
Q

what are some activities associated with rection time

A
  • catching the ball in the slips (cricket)
  • reacting to the start gun in a sprint race
  • reacting to the tennis ball
44
Q

give 3 affecting factors for reaction time

A
  • number of responses: if you have to react to multiple things
  • environmental cues: minimal distractions will result in faster reaction times
  • anticipation of cue: predicting the stimuli

UNIT 3/4 PE (4 decks)

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