Chapter 6-8 Application

Question 1

What is the role of ATP?

Answer 1

To store and release energy to the body

Question 2

ATP breaks down into:

Answer 2

ADP and Pi

Question 3

Energy Release

Answer 3

Energy releases during muscular contractions where ATP causes it to split and release

Question 4

Chemical and Food Fuels

Answer 4

ATP
PC
Fats
CHO
Proteins

Question 5

Energy System Interplay

Answer 5

All 3 systems are constantly active, but 1 will be more dominant

Question 6

ATP-PC energy system qualities (6)

Answer 6

• Anaerobic
• Fastest system
• Short sharp events
• Lasts 10-12 seconds at max intensity
• High rate, low yield
• Requires passive recovery

Question 7

Anaerobic Glycolysis energy system qualities (6)

Answer 7

• Glycogen breaks down in the absence of oxygen
• Anaerobic
• Accumulates metabolic by products
• Lower rate, higher yield compared to atp
• Approx 60 seconds
• Active recovery: increase blood/ oxygen flow

Question 8

Aerobic Energy System Qualities (5)

Answer 8

• Requires oxygen
• Use cho for exercise, fats resting
• Slow ratee, high yield
• Active recovery: work same muscles back to rest/blood flow increase
• By products effects: co2, h2o, heat, ATP

Question 9

Oxygen uptake at rest, during exercise and recovery

Answer 9

• Rest: supply = demand (steady)
• Exercise: increase intensity= oxygen below demand, meeting the demand = steady state
Recovery: supply over demand

Question 10

Oxygen Deficit, Steady State, Oxygen Debt (EPOC)

Answer 10

Deficit: supply below demand, as intensity increases body needs more oxygen- body works harder to meet the oxygen demand
Steady State: supply = demand, oxygen amount meeting what the body needs
EPOC: supply over demand, decreasing intensity where the need for oxygen slows and less is required but there is still more supply within the body

Question 11

Respiratory acute responses (2)

Answer 11

• Increase v= tv x rr : more oxygen to bring to working muscles for them to work for longer duration and meet intensity
• Increased pulmonary diffusion: more oxygen means more transfer of oxygen supplied to the bloodstream which increases oxygen levels and bloodstream. (also removes more carbon dioxide and waste)

Question 12

Cardiovascular acute responses (6)

Answer 12

• Increased q=sv x hr: increases with intensity, pumping more blood to help distribute oxygen faster (through oxygen in bloodstream)
• Increased venous return: more blood returning to the heart faster for more blood flow (muscle pump: keep blood moving)
○ Increase q = increase blood flow = increased systolic blood pressure
• Systolic blood pressure: when heart contracts, more blood coming into the heart for flow/pump
• Increased avo2 difference: difference between oxygen levels in arteries and veins. Working muscles require more oxygen, so they take greater amounts of oxygen
• Decreased blood volume: increase intensity= loss of water, loss of plasma in blood= thicker blood from loss of plasma = harder for blood to flow = slower performance because slower oxygen transport
• Redistribution of blood flow: vasoconstriction and vasodilation: when exercising, more blood goes towards working muscles which increases oxygen supply

Question 13

Muscular acute responses (6)

Answer 13

• Increased muscle enzyme activity
○ Speed up rate of energy production- glycolytic enzymes breakdown ATP faster- more energy quickly
• Increased motor unit recruitment
○ All or nothing, increased intensity = more motor units= more power and force to meet intensity
• Increased muscle temperature
§ More movement + intensity = working harder = warmer muscles
• Increased vo2 difference
○ Volume of oxygen: muscles consume more oxygen as exercise intensity increases as the muscle require more oxygen
• Decreased energy substrates
○ Glycogen, fats, ATP, PC: increased intensity and duration = depletion of energy substrates as you use them up
• Increased metabolic by products
○ h+ (anaerobic): block glyclyitc enzymes= slower energy production rate=slower performance

Question 14

ATP-PC system fatigue and recovery

Answer 14

• Fuel depletion atp-pc: passive recovery: replenshies at rest
Accumulation of metababolic by products: Pi- passive recovery: high levels of o2 to help remove them

Question 15

Anaerobic glycolysis system fatigue and recovery

Answer 15

• Accumulation of metabolic by products: h+: active recovery: increase oxygen + blood flow to flush out
ADP + Pi : reduce power and force made exerted by the muscles= decrease in power/intensity

Question 16

aerobic energy system fatigue and recovery

Answer 16

• Fuel depletion: glycogen: carb loading
Elevated body temperature: longer exercise= more heat production from working body: recovery is active for more blood flow to remove heat + cool body quicker , rehydrate