Chapter 6--Cocaine Amphetamines and related stimulants

Question 1

Stimulants

Answer 1

drugs that elevate mood and stimulate the CNS. Increase performance, not just a buzz

Question 2

Over the counter stimulants

Answer 2

Nicotine and cocaine

Question 3

Controlled Stimulants

Answer 3

cocaine
amphetamines
ritalin

Question 4

Psychostimulants

Answer 4

Nicotine 
caffeine
cocaine 
amphetamines
methylphenidate

Question 5

What is the source of cocaine?

Answer 5

Erythroxylon Coca. A plant grown in the andes

Question 6

Cocaine source

Answer 6

Coca leaves rich in Ca, vitamins, protein, fe, fiber and alkaloids including cocaine. The cocaine content in the leaves varies from 0.1-0.9 and increases with higher elevation

Question 7

Cocaine is against the principles of the land of which south american country?

Answer 7

Ecuador, they don’t think it’s a crop that should be grown.

Question 8

What lead to the abuse epidemic of cocaine?

Answer 8

the development process to extract cocoa paste from coca leaf in 19th century.

Question 9

How was cocaine introduced to Europe?

Answer 9

By spaniard and naturalists returning from south america

Question 10

How did cocaine become popular?

Answer 10

in the 1880’s Freud believed it was a miracle drug to treat several illnesses. But, Freud changed his mind after seeing bizarre symptoms of overdose.

Question 11

Formication syndrome

Answer 11

Cocaine bugs, paranoid delusions. huge irritability and itching all over when in withdrawal.

Question 12

What was cocaine found in during the 1880s?

Answer 12

wine, coca-cola, toothache drops

Question 13

Coca leaves are turned into coca paste by…

Answer 13

sulfuric acid

Question 14

Sulfuric acid turns coca leaves into…..

Answer 14

coca paste

Question 15

How much cocaine is in coca leaves?

Answer 15

1%

Question 16

How much cocaine is found in coca paste?

Answer 16

60-80% in loose amounts

Question 17

Coca paste is turned into Cocaine HCL by…

Answer 17

Hydrochloric Acid

Question 18

Hydrochloric turns……into…..

Answer 18

coca past into cocaine hcl

Question 19

How much is in Cocaine HCl?

Answer 19

80%+, but less potent

Question 20

Cocaine HCl

Answer 20

A powder that is very water soluble, people inject this.

Question 21

Boiling Cocaine HCl with …….makes crack cocaine

Answer 21

water and either baking soda or ammonia

Question 22

Boiling cocaine HCl with water and either baking soda or ammonia makes….

Answer 22

crack cocaine (crystal)

Question 23

Boiling cocaine HCl with….makes cocaine free base (no HCl)

Answer 23

ether

Question 24

Boiling cocaine HCl with ether makes….

Answer 24

Cocaine free base (no HCl) which is not as water soluble but acts quicker.

Question 25

Speed Balling

Answer 25

Cocaine injected with heroin

Question 26

Cocaethelyne

Answer 26

cocaine plus alcohol. its properties are similar to cocaine but more toxic

Question 27

Low doses of cocaine

Answer 27

decrease HR

Question 28

Moderate doses of cocaine

Answer 28

increase HR and BP

Question 29

High doses of cocaine

Answer 29

cause cardiac arrhythmia, heart failure (athlete overdose)

Question 30

sympathomimetic effects of cocaine

Answer 30

They may contribute to central effects via sensory activation. HR, BP

Question 31

Anesthetic effects

Answer 31

disrupt conduction in some fast neurons by blocking sodium channels lidocaine and novocaine are derivatives of cocaine

Question 32

Which monoamine transporters does cocaine affect the most?

Answer 32

5-HT transporter, DA, and NE

Question 33

Its affect on which transporter plays the greatest role in the stimulating, reinforcing, and addictive properties of cocaine?

Answer 33

DA transporter (DAT)

Question 34

chronic exposure elicits...

Answer 34

tolerance

Question 35

acute exposures elicit (once a day)

Answer 35

sensitization

Question 36

Ampgetamines where developed....

Answer 36

to treat asthma, cold and sinus symptoms, obesity, narcolepsy, ADHD

Question 37

Which herb was used in mormon's tea?

Answer 37

Ephedrine (ephedra)

Question 38

Cocaine is metabolized

Answer 38

quickly. effect 20-30 mins

Question 39

Amphetamine is metabolized

Answer 39

slowly. effect 4-12 hrs

Question 40

Cocaine and amphetamines especially block reuptake of

Answer 40

DA

Question 41

Which drugs increase DA release?

Answer 41

Amphetamines and methylphenidate

Question 42

Which dug is used in the treatment of ADHD?

Answer 42

Methylphenidate (Ritalin)