Chapter 6: Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

What is the musculoskeletal system?

Answer 1

The system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement.

This system plays a crucial role in maintaining posture and enabling locomotion.

Question 2

What does the term ‘skeleton’ refer to?

Answer 2

The bones of the body.

The skeleton provides structure and support to the body.

Question 3

What are muscles?

Answer 3

Tissues that can contract to allow movement of a body part.

Muscles are essential for various bodily functions, including voluntary and involuntary movements.

Question 4

What is the function of ligaments?

Answer 4

Tissues that connect bone to bone.

Ligaments play a key role in stabilizing joints.

Question 5

What do tendons connect?

Answer 5

Tissues that connect muscle to bone.

Tendons are important for transmitting the force generated by muscles to the skeleton.

Question 6

What is the skull?

Answer 6

The bony structure of the head.

The skull protects the brain and supports the structures of the face.

Question 7

What part of the skull does the cranium refer to?

Answer 7

The top, back, and sides of the skull.

The cranium encases and protects the brain.

Question 8

What are the two main parts of the skull?

Answer 8

The cranium and face

Question 9

What is the term for the lower jawbone?

Answer 9

Mandible

Question 10

What are the two fused bones that form the upper jaw called?

Answer 10

Maxillae

Question 11

What are the bones that provide structure to the nose?

Answer 11

Nasal bones

Question 12

What are orbits?

Answer 12

The bony structures around the eyes

Question 13

What is the name for the bones that form the structure of the cheeks?

Answer 13

Zygomatic arches

Question 14

How many vertebrae are there in the spinal column?

Answer 14

33

Question 15

What is the primary function of the spinal column?

Answer 15

Provides structure and support for the body

Question 16

What is the hollow center of the vertebrae used for?

Answer 16

Housing the spinal cord

Question 17

What are spinal precautions?

Answer 17

Measures taken to protect the spinal cord from injury

Question 18

List the five divisions of the spine.

Answer 18

• Cervical
• Thoracic
• Lumbar
• Sacral
• Coccyx

Question 19

What is the cervical division of the spine associated with?

Answer 19

Neck

Question 20

What region does the thoracic division of the spine correspond to?

Answer 20

Thorax, ribs, upper back

Question 21

What is the lumbar division of the spine associated with?

Answer 21

Lower back

Question 22

What does the sacral division correspond to?

Answer 22

Back wall of pelvis

Question 23

What is the term for the tailbone?

Answer 23

Coccyx

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The cervical division has ______ vertebrae.

Answer 24

7

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The thoracic division contains ______ vertebrae.

Answer 25

12

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The lumbar division has ______ vertebrae.

Answer 26

5

Question 27

Fill in the blank: The sacral division consists of ______ vertebrae.

Answer 27

5

Question 28

Fill in the blank: The coccyx consists of ______ vertebrae.

Answer 28

4

Question 29

Thorax

Answer 29

Chest

Question 30

Sternum

Answer 30

The breastbone

Question 31

manubrium

Answer 31

Superior portion of the sternum

Question 32

xiphoid process

Answer 32

inferior portion of the sternum

Question 33

pelvis

Answer 33

basin-shaped bony structure that supports the spine and is the point of proximal attachment for the lower extremities.

Question 34

ilium

Answer 34

superior and widest portion of the pelvis

Question 35

ischium

Answer 35

the lower posterior portions of the pelvis

Question 36

pubis

Answer 36

medial anterior portion of the pelvis

Question 37

acetabulum

Answer 37

pelvic socket into which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint

Question 38

femur

Answer 38

the large bone of the thigh

Question 39

patella

Answer 39

kneecap

Question 40

tibia

Answer 40

medial and larger bone of the lower leg

Question 41

fibula

Answer 41

lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg

Question 42

malleolus

Answer 42

Protrusion on the side of the ankle. Lateral malleolus is the bump on outer ankle. Medial malleolus is on the inner side of the ankle

Question 43

tarsals

Answer 43

ankle bones

Question 44

metatarsals

Answer 44

foot bones

Question 45

calcaneus

Answer 45

heel bone

Question 46

phalanges

Answer 46

toe & finger bones

Question 47

clavicle

Answer 47

collarbone

Question 48

scapula

Answer 48

shoulder blade

Question 49

acromion process

Answer 49

highest portion of the shoulder. Forms the acromioclavicular joint and is a common point for shoulder injuries.

Question 50

acromioclavicular

Answer 50

joint where the acromion and the clavicle meet

Question 51

humerus

Answer 51

bone of the upper arm between shoulder and elbow. Also funniest bone

Question 52

radius

Answer 52

lateral bone of the forearm

Question 53

ulna

Answer 53

medial bone of the forearm

Question 54

carpals

Answer 54

wrist bones

Question 55

metacarpals

Answer 55

hand bones

Question 56

joint

Answer 56

point where two bones come together

Question 57

voluntary muscle

Answer 57

muscle that can be consciously controlled

Question 58

involuntary muscle

Answer 58

muscle that responds automatically to brain signals but cannot be consciously controlled

Question 59

cardiac muscle

Answer 59

specialized involuntary muscle found only in the heart

Question 60

automaticity

Answer 60

ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own