Chapter 6: Respiratory System Flashcards
(18 cards)
What is the respiratory system?
the system of nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide. Also called the pulmonary system.
Oropharynx
area directly posterior to the mouth
nasopharynx
area directly posterior to the nose
pharynx
area directly posterior to the nose and mouth. Encompasses both the naso and oropharynx
epiglottis
leaf shaped structure that prevents food and foreign matter from entering the trachea
larynx
voice box
cricoid cartilage
ring shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx
trachea
windpipe aka the structure that connects pharynx to lungs
lungs
organs where exchange of atmospheric oxygen and waste carbon dioxide takes place
Bronchi
two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs. there are right and left, singular bronchus
alveoli
microscopic sacs in the lungs where gas exchange with the blood stream occurs
diaphragm
muscular structure that divides chest cavity from the abdominal cavity; major muscle of respiration
inhalation
active process in which intercostal (rib) muscles and the diaphragm contract expanding the size of the chest cavity and causing airflow into the lungs
exhalation
passive process in which intercostal (rib) muscles & diaphragm relax causing side of the chest cavity to decrease and air to flow out of the lungs
ventilation
process of moving gases (O2 & CO2) between inhaled air and the pulmonary circulation of blood
Name a couple of common differences in the respiratory system between children and adults
Tongue takes up more space
trachea is narrower
trachea is weaker
cricoid cartilage is weaker
rib cage is not curved in at the bottom
respiration
process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and the cells
buffer system
system that helps manage the ph of the body to maintain it at a normal level
