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Animal Science 2200.01 > Chapter 6 Reproduction > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Reproduction Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Name Aristotle’s theories

A
  1. embryo was preformed and grew or enlarged during development
  2. man arose from being successive differentiation of a formless being
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2
Q

Define the theory preformation

A

embryo was preformed and grew or enlarged during development

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3
Q

define the theory epigenesis

A

man arose from being successive differentiation of a formless being

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4
Q

Which theory did Aristotle believe in

A

epigenesis

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5
Q

who first found and described the oviduct

A

Fallopius

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6
Q

whose system is more complex a females or males

A

female

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7
Q

what does the female reproductive system consist of

A

embryonic Mullerian ducts, primordial external genitalia

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8
Q

What consists of the Mullerian ducts

A

oviducts, uterus, cervix, and anterior vagina

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9
Q

What consists of the primordial external genitalia

A

posterior vagina and vulva

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10
Q

What are the major functions of the female reproductive system

A

Produce a female gamete, deliver it to the site where it can be fertilized, provide an environment for growth of the fetus, and to deliver the fetus

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11
Q

What is the primary organs in the female reproductive system

A

ovaries

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12
Q

what doe ovaries produce

A

oocytes and female hormones

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13
Q

Ovaries ensure what

A

continual nutrient and oxygen delivery

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14
Q

what are oviducts

A

pair of convoluted tubes adjacent to the ovaries and extending to the uterus

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15
Q

Where is the site of fertilization and early cell divisions of the embryo

A

oviducts

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16
Q

What is the function of the oviducts

A

transport ova and sperm

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17
Q

Name the three segments of the oviducts

A

infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus

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18
Q

this structure is lace like that envelops the ovaries

A

infundibulum

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19
Q

this segment is responsible for capturing the released ocyte and directing its transport

A

infundibulum

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20
Q

in what animals is the infundibulum separated from the ovary

A

sow, ewe, and cow

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21
Q

What segment is highly invaginated

A

ampulla

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22
Q

what do the invaginations cause

A

increase the surface area and are covered with cilia to aid in the movement of the ocyte down the ampulla

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23
Q

What is the final segment of the oviduct

A

isthmus

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24
Q

what is the site where the ampulla and isthmus join together

A

ampullary -isthmic junction

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25
This is the site of fertilization of the oocytes by the sperm
ampullary- isthmic junction
26
What delays the transport of the ocytes
ampullary-isthmic junction
27
What is a benefit of the delay from the junction
increases the chances of becoming fertilized
28
where does the isthmus and uterus join together
uterotubal junction
29
What three layers does the uterus contain
outer covering, myometrium, endometrium
30
Intermediate smooth muscle layer responsible for uterine contractions
myometrium
31
the mucosal lining of the uterus
endometrium
32
This is the site of either embryo implantation or attachment of the extra embryonic membranes
endometrium
33
What protects the uterine environment
cervix
34
this is a thick walled, cartilaginous, elongated, smooth muscle sphincter that remains tightly closed except during estrus and parturition
cervix
35
Interlocking ridges in the cervix
annular rings
36
annular rings are present in what animals
cows and sheep
37
what are the cervixs functions
1. passageway and reservoir for sperm, filter non viable sperm and consistently releasing viable sperm into the uterus for fertilization of ova 2. barrier to prevent bacteria from reaching the uterus via the annular rings and the antibacterial properties of cervical mucous 3. passageway for the fetus during parturition
38
the site of semen deposition
vagina
39
tubular in shape, thin walled, and very elastic
vagina
40
function of the male reproductive system
deliver gametes to the female reproductive system
41
male system consists of what
testes, male ducts, accessory glands, penis, and prepuce
42
the primary organs of the male system
testes
43
what is the function of the testes
produce male gametes and make reproductive hormones
44
where are the testes located
outside of the body cavity
45
small convoluted tubules located within the lobes of the testes
seminiferous tubules
46
seminiferous tubules make up how much of the total mass of the testes
90%
47
this contains the germ cells and is the site of sperm production
seminiferous tubules
48
located in between the seminiferous tubules
leydig cells
49
produce testosterone and other androgens when stimulated by the luteinizing hormone
leydig cells
50
surrounds developing sperm, mediating the effects of follicle stimulating hormone, and nourishing the sperm
sertoli cells
51
the scrotum is divided by what
scrotal septum
52
what is the spermatic cord composed of
blood vessels, nerves, muscle fibers, connective tissue, and a portion of the vas deferens
53
long convoluted tube that functions to store, concentrate, and transport sperm
epididymis
54
what affects the transportation of semen in the epididymis
1. pressure from the production of more sperm 2. external pressure credited by normal movement 3. negative pressure caused by ejaculation
55
this follows along the spermatic cord, passes through the inguinal canal to the pelvic region
vas deferens
56
function of vas deferens
transport sperm
57
function of urethra
expel urine and semen
58
name the male accessory glands
ampullae, vesicular glands, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands
59
this is the male organ of copulation and deposits semen in the vagina or cervix
penis
60
two types of penis
vascular and fibroelastic
61
S shaped bend in the penis
sigmoid flexure
62
puberty is reached in hogs
4-7 months | 68-90 kg
63
puberty is reached in sheep
7-10 months | 27-34 kg
64
puberty is reached in filly
15-24 months
65
puberty is reached in dairy
8-13 months | 160-260 kg
66
puberty is reached in beef
10-15 months | 225-310 kg

Animal Science 2200.01 (5 decks)

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