Chapter 6: Secondary Lymphoid Tissue: B and T Lymphocyte Activation Flashcards
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The costimulatory molecules B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86) on APCs bind to what cell marker on the mature, naive T cell?
CD28 which in on switch
Later in an immune response, B7 will preferentially bind to what receptor, effectively turning off the T-cell response
CTLA-4 or PD-1
What are some CTLA-4 agonist drugs?
Abatacept
Belatacept
Clinical use of abatacept?
rheumatoid arthritis
Clinical use of Belatacept?
renal transplants
Antagonists of CTLA-4?
ipilimumab
Clinical use of ipilimumab?
melanoma and in clinical trials for several other types of cancer
How does IL-2 release affect T helper cells and CD8 T cells? How are they expressed by each of these types of cells?
They help both types proliferate
They both have IL-2 receptors but helper T lymphocytes produce large amounts of IL-2
What are superantigens?
viral and bacterial proteins that cross-link variable β domain of T cell receptor to an α chain of class II MHC molecule outside of the normal peptide binding groove
cross-linking activates cell and induces T cell activation and proliferation in the absence of antigen-specific recognition of peptides in the MHC class II groove
What are the 3 major classes of helper T cells that arise from the same precursors Th0 cells?
- Th1
- Th2
- Th17
Draw out the subsets of helper T cells, their pathways, functions and cytokines produced.
Subsetsof T Helper Cells
Which type of T cells do T regs inhibit?
Th1 cell function
What are the markers that are found on Tregs?
CD25 and transcription factor FoxP3
What inflammation inhibiting cytokines do Tregs secrete?
IL-10 and TGF-B
