Chapter 6 Vocab Flashcards
(20 cards)
Interest group
A collection of people who share some common interest or attitude and seek to influence government for specific ends.
Faction
Political parties and special interests or interest groups
Movement
A large body of people interested in a common issue idea or concern that is of continuing significance and who are willing to take action
Open shop
The company with a labor agreement under which union membership cannot be required as a condition of employment
Closed shop
A company with a labor agreement under which union membership can be a condition of employment
Free rider
And individual who does not join a group representing his or her interest yet receives the benefit of the influence the group achieves
Federal register
Official document published every weekday that lists the new and proposed regulations of executive departments and regulatory agencies
Amicus curiae brief
Literally a “friend of the court” brief, filled by an individual or organization to present arguments in addition to those presented by the immediate parties to a case
Lobbying
Engaging in activities aimed at influencing public officials especially legislators and the policies they enact
Lobbyist
A person who is employed by and acts for an organized interest group or corporation to try to influence policy decisions and positions in the executive and legislative branches
Revolving door
Employment cycle in which individuals who work for governmental agencies regulating interests eventually end up working for interest groups or businesses with the same policy concern
Iron triangle
Mutually dependent relationship among interest groups congressional committees and subcommittees and government agencies that share a common policy concern
Political action committee
The political arm of an interest group that is legally entitled to raise funds on a voluntary basis from member stockholders or employees in order to contribute funds to favorite candidates or political parties
Bundling
The tactic of political action committees whereby they collect contributions from like-minded individuals each limited $2000 and present them to a candidate or political party as a bundle, thus increasing their influence
Independent expenditures
The Supreme Court has ruled that individuals, groups, and parties can spend unlimited amounts in campaigns for or against candidates as long as they operate independently from the candidates. when an individual, group, or party does so they were making an independent expenditure
Hard money
Political contributions given to a party, candidate or interest group that are limited in amount and fully disclosed. Raising such limited funds is harder than raising unlimited funds hence the term hard money
Soft money
Money raised in unlimited amount by political parties for party building purposes. Now largely illegal except for limited contributions to stay and local parties for voter registration and get-out-the- vote efforts
Issue advocacy
Unlimited and undisclosed spending by an individual or group on communications that do not use words like vote for or vote against although much of this activity is actually about electing or defeating candidates
527 group
Political group organized under section 527 of the IRS code that may accept and spend unlimited amounts of money on election activities so long as they are not spent on broadcast ads run in the last 30 days before primary or 60 days before a general election where a clearly identified candidate is referred to and a relevant electorate is targeted
Quid pro quo
Something given with the expectation of receiving something in return
