chapter 6Integumentary system

Question 1

what is an organ

Answer 1

two or more kinds of tissue groups together and preforming specialized functions that constitutes

Question 2

what makes up the integumentary system

Answer 2

skin and various structure

Question 3

function of the integumentary system

Answer 3

Composed of several tissue types
 Maintains homeostasis
 Protective covering
 Retards water loss
 Regulates body temperature
 Houses sensory receptors
 Contains immune system cells
 Synthesizes chemicals 
 Excretes small amounts of wastes

Question 4

outermost layer of the skin

Answer 4

epidermis

Question 5

what is the epidermis composed of

Answer 5

stratified squamous epithelial

Question 6

what is the inner layer of integumentary system

Answer 6

Dermis

Question 7

what is the dermis cantain

Answer 7

Contains collagenous and elastic fibers

Question 8

Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis) is beneath what

Answer 8

Beneath dermis

Question 9

Subcutaneous layer is composed of what

Answer 9

Areolar and adipose C. T.

Question 10

what dose the epidermis lack

Answer 10

blood vessel

Question 11

what are the five layer of the epidermis

Answer 11

Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum and stratum basale

Question 12

location and characteristics Stratum corneum

Answer 12

L: outermost layer
C: many layer of Keratinized, dead epithelial cells that are flatten and non-nucleated

Question 13

location and characteristic stratum lucidum

Answer 13

L: between stratum corneum and stratum granulosum on sloes and palms
C: Cells appear clear; nuclei, organelles, and cell membranes are no longer visable

Question 14

location and characteristic stratum granulosum

Answer 14

L: Beneath the stratum corneum
C: three to five layers of flatten granular cells that contain shrunken fibers of keratin and shriveled nuclei

Question 15

location and characteristic stratum spinosum

Answer 15

L: beneath the stratum granulosum
C: many layers of cell with centrally located, large, oval nuclei and developing fibers of keratin cells becoming flatten

Question 16

location and characteristic stratum basale

Answer 16

L: Deepest layer
C: a single of cuboidal or columnar cells that divide and grow, this layer also includes melanocytes

Question 17

what is 20-30 layers of dead, keratinized cells

Answer 17

Stratum corneum

Question 18

what is the (mitotic layer and includes melanocytes

Answer 18

Stratum basale

Question 19

these cells then harden in a process and composed of cell membrane of older cells

Answer 19

Keratinocytes

Question 20

location of melanocytes

Answer 20

specialized cells in the epidermis

Question 21

what dose melanocytes produce

Answer 21

melanin

Question 22

what can influence skin color

Answer 22

genetic, environmental and physiological

Question 23

genetic factors of skin

Answer 23

Varying amounts of melanin
Varying size of melanin granules
Albinos lack melanin

Question 24

environmental factor of skin

Answer 24

Sunlight
UV light from sunlamps
X-rays

Question 25

physiological factors of skin

Answer 25

Dilation of dermal blood vessels Constriction of dermal blood vessels Accumulation of carotene Jaundice

Question 26

how the skin produce vitamin D

Answer 26

This inactive form is then modified by the liver and kidneys to become an active form of vitamin D that can be used to build strong bones and teeth

Question 27

what gives skin color and also absorbs UV light

Answer 27

Melanin

Question 28

what produces the dark pigment of melanin

Answer 28

Melanocytes located in the stratum basale

Question 29

the dermis is composed of what kind of tissue

Answer 29

dense irregular and areolar connective

Question 30

the dermis contains what kind of cells

Answer 30

Nerve cell processes Specialized sensory receptors Muscle cells

Question 31

what supplies epidermal cells with nutrients

Answer 31

Blood vessel

Question 32

The dermis has what kind follicle and what else

Answer 32

Hair follicles | Glands

Question 33

what are the two layer of the dermis

Answer 33

Papillary layer | Reticular layer

Question 34

what is a superficial and what type of tissue

Answer 34

papillary, Areolar

Question 35

what corpuscles are in the papillary layer

Answer 35

Meissner’s (tactile) corpuscles respond to light touch

Question 36

what makes the finger print

Answer 36

Dermal papillae here

Question 37

what accessory structure of the skin originates from epidermis

Answer 37

Nails Hair follicles Skin glands

Question 38

what is a nail plate

Answer 38

overlies the surface of the skin also known as the nail bed

Question 39

what is a nail bed

Answer 39

specialized epithelial cells continuous with the epithelium of the skin

Question 40

what is a lunula

Answer 40

whitish, thicken, half-moon-shaped region. most active growing region

Question 41

what are hair follicles composed of

Answer 41

Epidermal cells

Question 42

what develop in a tube- like depression

Answer 42

hair follicle

Question 43

three part that extend into the dermis of hair follicles

Answer 43

: Hair root Hair bulb Hair shaft (dead, epidermal cells)

Question 44

hair color is do to what and amount

Answer 44

me

Question 45

functions of Arrector pili muscle

Answer 45

attaches to each hair follicles, it contracts, a short hair in the follicle stands on end

Question 46

what kind of gland associated with hair follicles

Answer 46

Sebaceous

Question 47

Sebaceous glands secrete what

Answer 47

Secrete sebum

Question 48

what other type of secretion is in the sebaceous glands

Answer 48

oblique

Question 49

what can sweet gland be called

Answer 49

sudoriferous glands

Question 50

what originates in the deeper Sebaceous glands

Answer 50

deeper dermis | or hypodermis

Question 51

description function location of Eccrine sweat glands

Answer 51

D: abundant sweat glands with odorless secretion F: lower body temp L: originate in deep dermis or subcutaneous layer and open to surface on forehead, neck, back

Question 52

description function location of Apocrine sweet glands

Answer 52

D: less numerous sweat glands with secretion that develop odors F: wet skin during pain, fear, emotional upset and sexual arousal L: near hair follicle in armpit and groin

Question 53

description function location of ceruminous sweat glands

Answer 53

D: D: modified sweat glands F: secrete earwax L: external acoustic meatus

Question 54

description function location of mammary sweat glands

Answer 54

D: modified sweat glands F: secrete milk L: Breast

Question 55

what is regulation of body temp

Answer 55

Regulation of body temperature is vitally important because even slight shifts can disrupt rates of metabolic reactions. Skin plays a key role in the homeostatic mechanism that regulates body temperature.

Question 56

The primary means of heat loss is

Answer 56

Radiation:

Question 57

what is conduction

Answer 57

heat moves into a object that you are in contact with

Question 58

what is convection

Answer 58

heated air moves away from the body being replaced by cooler air

Question 59

what is evaporation

Answer 59

sweat is released onto the skins surface and evaporates carrying heat away from the surface

Question 60

what is radiation

Answer 60

infrared heat escapes from warmer surfaces