Chapter 7

Question 1

Audi/o

Answer 1

hearing

Question 2

Aur/o

Answer 2

ear

Question 3

Cochle/o

Answer 3

cochlea

Question 4

Corne/o

Answer 4

cornea

Question 5

Lacrim/o

Answer 5

tears

Question 6

Lith/o

Answer 6

stone

Question 7

Ocul/o

Answer 7

eye

Question 8

Ophthalm/o

Answer 8

eye

Question 9

Opt/o

Answer 9

eye, vision

Question 10

Ot/o

Answer 10

ear

Question 11

Presby/o

Answer 11

old age

Question 12

Propri/o

Answer 12

own

Question 13

Retin/o

Answer 13

retina

Question 14

Scler/o

Answer 14

sclera

Question 15

Tympan/o

Answer 15

eardrum

Question 16

Receptive Field

Answer 16

an area in which a single neuron is responsible for detecting a stimulus

Question 17

Free Nerve Endings

Answer 17

~bare dendrites with no associated connective tissue
~widespread throughout the skin and mucous membranes
~thermoreceptors for heat and cold
~nociceptors for pain

Question 18

Tactile Corpuscles

Answer 18

~two or three nerve fibers among flattened Schwann cells, forming a pear-like structure
~dermal papillae of the skin; highly concentrated in the fingertips and palmar skin
~mechanoreceptors for light touch and texture

Question 19

Hair Receptors

Answer 19

~bare dendrites with no associated connective tissue
~wrapped around the base of a hair follicle
~mechanoreceptors for any light touch that bends a hair

Question 20

Lamellar Corpuscles

Answer 20

~single dendrites surrounded by flattened Schwann cells that in turn are surrounded by fibroblasts, giving a layered appearance like tree rings
~deep in the dermis, especially on the hands, breasts, and genitals
~mechanoreceptors for deep pressure, stretch, and vibration

Question 21

Bulbous (Ruffini) Corpuscles

Answer 21

~long, flattened capsules with a few nerve fibers
~dermis if the skin
~mechanoreceptors for heavy touch, pressure, and stretching of the skin

Question 22

Tactile Disks

Answer 22

~flattened nerve endings
~stratum basale of the epidermis next to specialized tactile cells
~mechanoreceptors for light touch

Question 23

Gustation

Answer 23

the sense of taste

Question 24

Pinna

Answer 24

external ear flap composed of elastic cartilage

Question 25

Auditory Canal

Answer 25

leads from opening in temporal bone to the tympanic membrane

Question 26

External Auditory Meatus

Answer 26

opening in the temporal bone

Question 27

Tympanic Membrane

Answer 27

eardrum

Question 28

Malleus

Answer 28

attached to tympanic membrane and forms a synovial joint with the incus

Question 29

Incus

Answer 29

forms synovial joint with the stapes

Question 30

Stapes

Answer 30

comes into contact with a membranous oval window located at the beginning of the inner ear

Question 31

Ossicles

Answer 31

malleus, incus, stapes

Question 32

Cochlea

Answer 32

snail-like fluid-filled coil embedded in the bony labyrinth

Question 33

Static Equilibrium

Answer 33

equilibrium perceived when the head is stationary or moving in a straight line

Question 34

Dynamic Equilibrium

Answer 34

equilibrium perceived when the head is rotating

Question 35

Vestibular Apparatus

Answer 35

anatomy used to perceive equilibrium; includes the saccule. utricle, and semicircular canals of the inner ear

Question 36

Otoliths

Answer 36

calcium carbonate and protein granules located in the saccule and utricle of the inner ear

Question 37

Refraction

Answer 37

the bending of light as it passes through materials of different densities

Question 38

Glaucoma

Answer 38

a condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure, diagnosed with tonometer, can be stopped but damage cannot be reversed

Question 39

Myopia

Answer 39

nearsightedness caused by the cornea and lens focusing an image ahead of the retina

Question 40

Hyperopia

Answer 40

farsightedness caused by the cornea and lens focusing an image behind the retina

Question 41

Astigmatism

Answer 41

a condition caused by an irregular curvature of the cornea of the lens of the eye that results in images not being focused on the retina

Question 42

Accomodation

Answer 42

the ability of the eye to change the shape of the lens to keep an image in focus with a change in distance

Question 43

Ishihara Test

Answer 43

test for color blindness

Question 44

Rinne Test / Weber Test

Answer 44

procedures in which a tuning fork is used to test for hearing loss

Question 45

Snellen Test

Answer 45

an eye chart used to measure visual acuity