Chapter 7 & 8 Flashcards

(29 cards)

1
Q

What are the characteristics of hypokinetic dysarthria?

A

Rigidity, reduced force and ROM, slow individual but occasional fast repetitive movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the significant issue with hypokinetic dysarthria?

A

decreased ROM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Presence of hypokinetic dysarthria is associated with _______ pathology

A

basal ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a unique symptom of hypokinetic dysarthria?

A

increased rate of speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F hypokinetic dysarthria is the only dysarthria in which most cases is caused from parkinsonism

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Parkinson’s Disease responds to what kind of therapy?

A

dopamine replacement therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What would be complaints of patient’s with hypokinetic dysarthria?

A
  • deny or minimize changes in voice
  • “hard to get speech started”
  • “stutter”
  • fatigue
  • variation in speech during medication cycle
  • drooling/swallowing complaints
  • stiff upper lip
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F Hypokinetic dysarthria is the only dysarthria associated with rapid repetitive rate of speech (with subsequent, reduced intelligibility)

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F All subsystems of speech are affected by hypokinetic dysarthria, especially respiration and articulation

A

false; voice, articulation, and prosody are affected the most

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name some characteristics of Parkinson’s Disease

A
  • masked faces
  • tremors
  • slow movement
  • statue-like appearance/frozen
  • difficulty initiating movement (throwing the book example)
  • festination (fast, shuffling gait)
  • depression
  • spirantization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define spirantization

A

replacement of stop with low intensity friction sound (example /d/ to /z/)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What area(s) of speech are impacted the most with hyperkinetic dysarthria?

A

prosody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name some characteristics of involuntary movement for hyperkinetic dysarthria

A

abnormal, rhythmic or irregular/unpredictable, rapid or slow involuntary movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a subtype for hyperkinetic dysarthria?

A

dystonia- problems with sensorimotor integration for speech motor control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Presence of hyperkinetic dysarthria is associated with _______ or ______ pathology

A

basal ganglia or cerebellar control circuit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function for the basal ganglia control circuit?

A

circuitry opens the gates to intended movements and closing gates to competing or unwanted movements, and preventing “locking up” of movement

17
Q

List some clinical characteristics of hyperkinetic dysarthria

A
  • abnormal involuntary movements that occur during rest, static postures, and voluntary movement
  • slower to develop, sustained for seconds, or prolonged to a degree that distorts posture
18
Q

T/F abnormal involuntary movements for hyperkinetic dysarthria are exacerbated by sleep and abolished by anxiety and heightened emotions

A

false; abolished by sleep and exacerbated by anxiety and heightened emotions

19
Q

T/F All patients with hyperkinetic dysarthria are aware of their abnormal movements

A

false; some are not aware

20
Q

How is speech impacted with hyperkinetic dysarthria?

A

slurred, slow, halting or hard to get out

21
Q

What is Myoclonus?

A

lightening like jerks, signle repititve jerks

22
Q

Chorea?

A

rapid, purposeless movements

23
Q

Ballismus?

A

large flailing movements (often associated with poor phonation)

24
Q

Dystonia?

A

a disorder in which improper electrical signaling from the brain causes muscles to tighten and twist involuntarily

25
Parkinsonism?
Pt displays clinical signs of disease without same etiology
26
T/F Parkinsonism does not respond well to medications
true
27
T/F Chewing and swallowing issues are uncommon for hyperkinetic dysarthria
false; it is common
28
What is the hallmark of hypokinetic dysarthria?
reduced range of movement underlies the hypokinesia causing the dysarthria
29
List the 4 speech characteristics of hypokinetic dysarthria
- monopitch - monoloudness - variable rate - imprecise consonants