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Theory Class > Chapter 7-8 > Flashcards

Chapter 7-8 Flashcards

1
Q

The medical branch of science that deals with the study of the skin, it’s functions, and diseases is ______

A

Dermatology

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2
Q

About how many years of post high school education and training are required to become a dermatologist?

A

12

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3
Q

The largest organ of the human body is the _____

A

Skin

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4
Q

The average adult skin weighs ______ pounds

A

6 to 9

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5
Q

The surface of healthy skin is slightly

A

Acidic

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6
Q

Continued pressure on any part of the skin causes it to thicken and develop into a(n) _____

A

Callus

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7
Q

How does the skin of the scalp diff from other skin?

A

The scalp has larger an deep er hair follicles

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8
Q

The outermost and thinnest layer of the skin is the ______

A

Epidermis

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9
Q

The epidermis has _____ layers

A

5

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10
Q

The layer of skin that is seen and treated by the cosmetology is the _____

A

Stratum Coreum

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11
Q

What is a fibrous protein that is the principal component of hair and nails?

A

Keratin

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12
Q

The skin layer in which the shedding of skin cells first begins is the stratum _____

A

Spinosum

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13
Q

The deepest layer in high the shedding of skin cells first begins is the stratum _____

A

Stratum Germinativum

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14
Q

The stratum germinativum is composed of several layers with special cells that produce a dark skin pigment called _____

A

Melanin

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15
Q

What is the name of the special cell in the stratum germinativum, responsible for producing dark skin pigment?

A

Melanocytes

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16
Q

The underlying or inner layer of the skin, which is also called the derma curium, cutis, or true skin, is the _____

A

Dermis

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17
Q

The highly sensitive dermis layer is about ____ times thicken than the epidermis

A

25

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18
Q

The muscle that causes goosebumps when a person is frightened or cold is the _____

A

Arrector Pili Muscle

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19
Q

The outermost layer of the dermis is the _____ layer

A

Papillary

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20
Q

Small, cone-shaped elevations at the bottom of hair follicles are known as ____

A

Dermal Papillae

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21
Q

The top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis is the _____

A

Epidermal Dermal Junction

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22
Q

The deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients is the _____

A

Reticular Layer

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23
Q

Fatty tissue found below the dermis is called _____

A

Subcutaneous Tissue

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24
Q

What type of nerve fibers carry impulses from the brain to the muscles?

A

Motor

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25
What body part sends messages to the brain?
Sensory Serve Fibers
26
What layer of the dermis houses the nerve endings that provide the body with the sense of touch?
Papillary Layer
27
The tiny grains of pigment deposited in cells that provide skin with its color are ______
Melanin
28
The melanin produced by the body that is red to yellow in color is ____
Pheomelanin
29
_____ helps protect sensitive cells from UV rays
Melanin
30
What is a fibrous protein that gives skin form and strength?
Collagen
31
The fibrous protein that gives its flexibility and helps skin regain its shape after being expanded is _____
Elastin
32
Oil glands that are connected to hair follicles are also called _____
Sebaceous Glands
33
What sebum hardens and the sebaceous ducts becomes clogged, the pore impaction that is formed is a _____
Comedo
34
What is a small, round elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus?
Papule
35
Water is the number one nutrient of the body and composes what percentage of the body’s weight?
50 to 70 percent
36
Vitamin ___ May help improve the skin’s elasticity and thickness
A
37
Vitamin ___ promotes the production of collagen
C
38
What vitamin enables the body to properly absorb and use calcium?
D
39
A freckle is an example of a mark on the skin known as a ______
Lesion
40
A large blister containing a watery fluid is _____
Bulla
41
For which of the following skin lesions should the cosmetologist refer the client to his or her physician?
Bulla
42
A flat spot or discoloration on the skin is a _____
Macule
43
A small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop pus is a _____
Papule
44
A ____ forms from a papillae when dead white blood cells accumulate in it
Pustule
45
An abnormal cell mass that varies in size, color, and shape is a _____
Tumor
46
Which of the following is considered to be a primary skin lesion?
Wheal
47
A(n) _____ is an itchy, swollen lesion that can be caused by a number of factors and usually resolves by itself
Wheal
48
Lesions of the skin characterized by piles of material or a depression on the skin surface are ____
Secondary Skin Lesions
49
Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while it is healing comprise a ____
Crust
50
_____ refers to a skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping
Excoriation
51
Cracks in the skin that penetrate the dermis layer, such as chapped hands or lips, are _____
Fissures
52
Which of the following is a secondary lesion?
Keloid
53
An excessively thick scar resulting from overgrowth of fibrous tissue is known as a _____
Keloid
54
Any thin dry or oily plate of epidermal flakes is known as a _____
Scale
55
An open lesion of the skin or mucous membrane, accompanied by pus and characterized by loss of skin depth, is a(n) _____
Ulcer
56
A hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum forms a _____
Comedo
57
A Whitehead is also called a _____
Closed Comedo
58
Benign, keratin filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening are _____
Milia
59
_____are keratin filled cysts that are usually associated with newborns and are commonly found around the eyes, cheeks, and forehead
Milia
60
What is a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands caused from retained secretions?
Acne
61
A ____ is a large protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum
Sebaceous Cysts
62
Inflammation of the sebaceous glands characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, and/or itchiness is called _____
Seborrheic Dermatitis
63
Distended or dilated surface blood vessels are called _____
Telangiectasias
64
Ingestion of _____ foods can aggravate rosacea
Spicy
65
Excessive sweating, caused by heat or general body weakness is _____
Hyperhidrosis
66
____ is a common bacterial infection of the eye
Conjunctivitis
67
What is a contagious, recurring viral infection characterized by fever blisters or cold sores?
Herpes Simplex 1
68
A non contagious skin disease characterized by red patches covered with sliver-white scales found on the scalp elbows, knees, chest, and lower back is ____
Psoriasis
69
Congenital hypopigmentation, or absence of melanin pigment of the body, including the skin, hair, and eyes is called _____
Albinism
70
_____ is a skin disorder characterized by abnormal light patches
Leukoderma
71
_____ refers to an abnormal brown or wine colored skin discoloration with a circular or irregular shape
Stain
72
A _____ is a small brown or flesh colored outgrowth of the skin
Skin Tag
73
The most common and least severe type of skin cancer is _____
Basal Cell Carcinoma
74
What type of skin cancer is often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules?
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
75
Dark, brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised may be a warning sign of ______
Malignant Melanoma
76
The American Cancer Society recommends using a checklist to recognize potential skin cancer or changes in moles, using the letter B to check mole _____
Borders
77
The main food source for acne bacteria is _____.
Fatty Acids
78
What are some extrinsic skin-aging factors?
Sun Exposure
79
Between 80 percent and 85 percent of skin aging is caused by _____.
Sun Exposure
80
The UV rays of the sun reach the skin in two different forms. What are these?
UVA and UVB Rays
81
What rays of the sun cause sunburns and tanning and are also known as burning rays?
UVA Rays
82
The two types of contact dermatitis are _____.
Allergic and Irritant
83
_____ is an allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or a substance.
Sensitization

Theory Class (16 decks)

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