Chapter 7 Adaptive Immunity

Question 1

Antibody

Answer 1

-protective proteins that help remove alien substances from the body

Question 2

Antigen

Answer 2

a toxin substance that causes an immune response (pathogen)

Question 3

Immunization

Answer 3

shot

Question 4

Immunoglobin

Answer 4

(makes antibodies)- protects the individual from an infection

Question 5

immunosuppression

Answer 5

…

Question 6

What is the class and role of IgG?

Answer 6

Class: Most abundant class (80-85%)
Role: Most protective activity against infections

Question 7

What is the class and role of IgA?

Answer 7

Class: 2 Classes IgA (found in blood) & IgA 2 (found in bodily secretions most important)
Role: Defend against pathogens that enters the Gl or respiratory )

Question 8

What is the class and role of IgM?

Answer 8

Class: The largest out of the antibodies
Role: First antibody produced during the primary response to an antigen

Question 9

What is the class and role of IgE?

Answer 9

Class: Least concentrated of the immunoglobulin classes in circulation
Role: Defenders against large parasites, common in allergic responses

Question 10

What is Adaptive/ acquired Immunity ?

Answer 10

Adaptive is specific (has specific antibodies for certain antigens). It lives very long and has memory(if you get it again, your body will remember it and go attack it).

Question 11

What are the components of adaptive immunity? And what do they produce?

Answer 11

Humoral and cellular. They both produce memory cells.

Question 12

What are the components of adaptive immunity? And how do they work?

Answer 12

Humoral has immunoglobulins (antibodies). Cellular has T-cells respond to it by killing the target directly.

An antigen will bind to the antibody of a B-cell. The B-cell will engulf the antigen, then present it on the surface of the cell by MHC ll proteins. The helper T- cells will bind to that complex & replace cytokines (chemical messengers)

Question 13

What does Naturally acquired mean?

Answer 13

the body is actively is producing antibodies

Question 14

Naturally acquired (active immunity)

Answer 14

once exposed to an antigen the body will actively produce antibodies

Question 15

Naturally acquired (passive immunity)

Answer 15

doesn’t make antibodies. antibodies are given to you.
Ex: mother breastfeeding her child (donor to recipient) The baby gets it’s antibodies from the mothers breast milk.

Question 16

What does artificially acquired mean?

Answer 16

made in a lab

Question 17

Active acquired

Answer 17

antigens are introduced by vaccines which make your body produce antibodies

Question 18

passive acquired

Answer 18

give antibodies to help fight an infection (by injection) /T-cells are administered

Question 19

What are T-cells and where are they located?

What are B-cells and where are they located?

Answer 19

T- cells are located in the thymus and they directly attack the antigen.

B- cells are located in bone marrow and they make antibodies so the antibody can attack the antigen.

Question 20

Pediatric Immunity

Answer 20

-babies have low immune system
- maternal antibodies provide protection

Question 21

Aging and Immune Function

Answer 21

• thymus shrinks, so T- cells decrease
• lower immunity