Chapter 7: Anatomy & Physiology

Question 1

True or False

Skin is a type of connective tissue

Answer 1

False

It is a type of epithelial tissue

Question 2

True or False

The epiphysis is a specialized area at the ends of the long bones where growth occurs in young animals

Answer 2

True

Question 3

True or False

Leukocytes safe the most Abundant type of blood cell

Answer 3

False

Erythrocytes are the most abundant type of blood cell

Question 4

True or False

Thrombocytes are important in blood clotting

Answer 4

True

Question 5

True or False

The heart lies in a thin sac of connective tissue called the myocardium

Answer 5

False

The sac is called pericardium

Question 6

True or False

The blood vessels that deliver oxygen to the heart itself are termed the coronary arteries

Answer 6

True

Question 7

True or False

The function of the lymph nodes is to filter and clean lymph fluid prior to its return to the heart

Answer 7

True

Question 8

True or False

The autonomic nervous system controls or regulates involuntary bodily functions

Answer 8

True

Question 9

True or False

Hormones are chemical substances that elicit specific responses in other body cells

Answer 9

True

Question 10

True or False

The dermis is the outer layer of skin

Answer 10

False

The outer layer of skin is the epidermis

Question 11

True or False

The skin has three types of glands; sebaceous, mucus, and sweat

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What directional term means closer to the belly

Answer 12

Ventral

Question 13

What directional term means away from the median plane

Answer 13

Lateral

Question 14

What directional term means the side of the hind foot that contacts the ground when standing

Answer 14

Plantar

Question 15

What directional term means closer to the tail

Answer 15

Caudal

Question 16

What directional term means closer to the animal’s back

Answer 16

Dorsal

Question 17

What are the 3 basic components of animal cells?

Answer 17

1- the cell membrane
2- the cytoplasm
3- the nucleus

Question 18

Name the 4 tissue categories

Answer 18

1- epithelial and endothelial
2- connective
3- muscle
4- nerve

Question 19

List the 5 types of bone

Answer 19

1- long
2- short
3- flat
4- irregular
5- sesamoid

Question 20

What are the 2 divisions of the skeletal system

Answer 20

1- axial

2- appendicular

Question 21

What division of the skeletal system does the skull belong to?

Answer 21

Axial

Question 22

What division of the skeletal system does the vertebrae belong to?

Answer 22

Axial

Question 23

What division of the skeletal system does the scapulae belong to?

Answer 23

Appendicular

Question 24

What division of the skeletal system does the clavicle belong to?

Answer 24

Appendicular

Question 25

What division of the skeletal system does the ribs belong to?

Answer 25

Axial

Question 26

What division of the skeletal system does the sternum belong to?

Answer 26

Axial

Question 27

What division of the skeletal system does the humerus belong to?

Answer 27

Appendicular

Question 28

What division of the skeletal system does the femur belong to?

Answer 28

Appendicular

Question 29

What division of the skeletal system does the patella belong to?

Answer 29

Appendicular

Question 30

Name this 5 regions of the vertebral column

Answer 30

``` 1- cervical 2- thoracic 3- lumbar 4- sacral 5- coccygeal ```

Question 31

What term means moving a bone away from the midline of the body

Answer 31

Abduction

Question 32

What term means opening the joint (increases the angle)

Answer 32

Extension

Question 33

What term means moving toward the midline of the body

Answer 33

Addiction

Question 34

What term means a pivoting movement, such as turning the head from side to side

Answer 34

Rotation

Question 35

What term means bending or folding, such as the action of an elbow joint (decreases the angle)

Answer 35

Flexion

Question 36

What is muscle tone?

Answer 36

The slight contraction that is usually present in muscle

Question 37

Name the 3 classifications of muscle tissue

Answer 37

1- skeletal 2- cardiac 3- smooth

Question 38

The primary function of the circulatory system is to deliver _____ and _______ and remove _______ and ________ from the cells

Answer 38

Deliver : O2 & nutrients | Remove: CO2 & waste products

Question 39

What is the technical name for red blood cells

Answer 39

Erythrocytes

Question 40

What is the technical name for white blood cells

Answer 40

Leukocytes

Question 41

What type of blood cell number increas with parasitic infections

Answer 41

Eosinophils

Question 42

What type of blood cell performs phagocytosis and have a kidney-shaped nucleus

Answer 42

Monocytes

Question 43

What type of blood cell is rare in normal healthy animals, but numbers increase with inflammatory reactions

Answer 43

Basophils

Question 44

What type of blood cell contains three major types: T cells, B cells, and NK cells

Answer 44

Lymphocytes

Question 45

What type of blood cells perform phagocytosis and are a type of granulocyte

Answer 45

Neutrophils

Question 46

What are the three main types of blood vessels?

Answer 46

1- arteries 2- capillaries 3- veins

Question 47

The contraction phase of the heart is called _______. The relaxation phase of the heart is called _______.

Answer 47

Contraction: systole Relaxation: diastole

Question 48

Where does blood go into the heart when it comes back from the body?

Answer 48

Right atrium

Question 49

After blood leaves the lungs, where does it go in the heart?

Answer 49

Left atrium

Question 50

What is respiration?

Answer 50

The process called that aids in the exchange of gases between an organism and its environment

Question 51

Contains the vocal cords

Answer 51

Larynx

Question 52

Where the exchange of gases occurs

Answer 52

Alveoli

Question 53

Each one of these structures leads to a lung

Answer 53

Bronchi

Question 54

Are encased in the visceral pleura

Answer 54

Lungs

Question 55

Has two openings and cilia to trap impurities from the air

Answer 55

Nose

Question 56

Composed of the sternum, ribs, and thoracic spine

Answer 56

Thorax

Question 57

A rigid tube that allows the passage of air

Answer 57

Trachea

Question 58

Both air and food pass through this structure

Answer 58

Pharynx

Question 59

What nutritional component provides energy to carry out bodily functions

Answer 59

Absorbed sugars and fats

Question 60

What nutritional component Provides raw materials to build protein for generating and repairing tissue

Answer 60

Amino acids

Question 61

What nutritional component forms bones and teeth, and are needed to complete enzymatic activities

Answer 61

Minerals

Question 62

What nutritional component is necessary to complete chemical reactions in the body

Answer 62

Vitamins

Question 63

What is homeostasis

Answer 63

Maintaining a constant internal environment

Question 64

Name the two subsystems of the nervous system and list what is found in each system

Answer 64

1- central nervous system: brain and spinal cord | 2- peripheral nervous system: all nervous tissue excluding the brain and spinal cord

Question 65

What gland produces parathormore and regulates blood calcium concentration

Answer 65

Parathyroid

Question 66

What gland produces sex hormones

Answer 66

Go ad

Question 67

What gland secretes corticosteroids and produces epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer 67

Adrenal

Question 68

What gland secretes insulin and glucagon

Answer 68

Pancreas

Question 69

What gland regulates growth, metabolism, and other endocrine glands

Answer 69

Pituitary

Question 70

What gland produces thyroxine and calcitonin

Answer 70

Thyroid