Chapter 7 Anomalies (1)

Question 1

anomaly

Answer 1

something that is noticeably different

Question 2

hereditary

Answer 2

genetic makeup

Question 3

congenital

Answer 3

occurs at of before birth

Question 4

macrodontia

Answer 4

teeth are larger than normal

Question 5

microdontia

Answer 5

teeth are smaller than normal

Question 6

hyperdonia

Answer 6

multiple or extra teeth

Question 7

anodontia

Answer 7

singular or multiple missing teeth

Question 8

supernumeraries

Answer 8

extra teeth

Question 9

mesiodens

Answer 9

supernumeraries arising in the midline of the maxillae

a supernumerary (extra) tooth that typically appears between the two central incisors in the upper jaw

Question 10

distomolars

Answer 10

supernumeraries located distal to third molars (aka fourth molars)

Question 11

paramolar

Answer 11

supernumerary meaning an extra molar tooth, that typically appears on the buccal (cheek) or lingual (tongue) side of a normal molar, often between the second and third molars

Question 12

conical

Answer 12

a small peg-shaped supernumerary

Question 13

tubercle

Answer 13

larger, barrel-shaped supernumerary

Question 14

odontoma

Answer 14

calcified dental tissue

Question 15

dens in dente

Answer 15

a developmental anomaly where the enamel folds inwards into the dentin, creating a “tooth within a tooth” appearance

Question 16

dilacerated tooth

Answer 16

a tooth that has a sharp bend or curve in its root or crown

Question 17

dwarfed roots

Answer 17

the roots of teeth are shorter than normal, often with a reduced crown-to-root ratio

Question 18

gemination

Answer 18

a dental anomaly where a single tooth bud attempts to divide, resulting in a larger, bifid (split) crown with a single root (like twins)

Gemination, on the other hand, is when a single tooth bud attempts to divide, resulting in a single tooth with two crowns and one root canal

Question 19

fusion

Answer 19

a developmental anomaly where two adjacent tooth germs fuse together to form a single, larger tooth

Fusion is when two separate tooth buds fuse together, forming a single tooth with two root canals and pulp chambers.

Question 20

concrescence

Answer 20

a condition where two or more teeth fuse together at their root surfaces by cementum, the outermost layer of the tooth root

Question 21

hypercementosis

Answer 21

excessive thickening or increase in the deposition of cementum, the tissue that covers the roots of teeth

Question 22

cementoma

Answer 22

form of hypercementosis that is also associated with localized destruction of the bone

a benign, slow-growing odontogenic tumor characterized by excessive deposition of cementum, the tissue that covers the root of a tooth

Question 23

enamel pearls

Answer 23

small, spherical nodules of enamel that abnormally form on the root surface of a tooth

Question 24

Hutchinson’s incisors

Answer 24

permanent incisors that are centrally notched and widely spaced, which are considered a sign of congenital syphilis

Question 25

mulberry molars

Answer 25

A dental anomaly, particularly of the first permanent molars, where the occlusal surface (biting surface) is characterized by numerous, small, rounded bumps or cusps, resembling the surface of a mulberry fruit. These bumps are a result of congenital syphilis.

Question 26

enamel dysplasia

Answer 26

the enamel, the protective outer layer of the tooth, did not form properly during development

Question 27

enamel hypoplasia

Answer 27

a defect in the enamel, the hard outer layer of teeth, where the enamel is thin or absent

Question 28

enamel hypocalcification

Answer 28

a condition where tooth enamel lacks sufficient minerals, particularly calcium, leading to weakened and thin enamel

Question 29

enamel fluorosis

Answer 29

a condition where excessive fluoride exposure during tooth development causes visible changes to the enamel

Question 30

mottled enamel

Answer 30

a condition where the enamel of the teeth appears discolored or spotted

Question 31

amelogenesis imperfecta

Answer 31

A group of genetic disorders that affect the development of tooth enamel, the hard, outer layer of the tooth. This means that the enamel may be abnormally thin, soft, or have a different color than usual, leading to various dental issues.

Question 32

Turner's tooth

Answer 32

a permanent tooth has a defect in its enamel, the outer layer of the tooth, due to injury or infection of the underlying primary (baby) tooth

Question 33

dentinogenesis imperfecta

Answer 33

a genetic disorder that affects the development of dentin, the layer beneath the tooth enamel. This condition causes teeth to be translucent, discolored (often blue-gray or yellow-brown), and prone to wear, breakage, and loss

Question 34

tetracycline staining

Answer 34

the discoloration of teeth that occurs when the antibiotic tetracycline binds to calcium ions in developing teeth

Question 35

most common malformed anterior tooth is ______

Answer 35

maxillary lateral incisor

Question 36

most likely to show variety and abnormalities are

Answer 36

maxillary third molars and mandibular third molars

Question 37

flexion

Answer 37

sharp curvature or twist of a tooth root