Chapter 8 Periodontium Flashcards
(24 cards)
periodontium two units
-gingival unit
-attached unit
gingival unit
-free gingiva
-attached gingiva
-alveolar mucosa
attached unit
-cementum
-periodontal ligaments
-alveolar process
free gingiva
part of the gum not attached to tooth and bone; ends where the gum starts to attached to tooth
attached gingiva
rigid not movable; start of attachment to the beginning of vestibule; attached to bone
alveolar mucosa
end of vestibule
what covers alveolar mucosa
lining/alveolar mucosa - covers rest of mouth and thin/movable
what covers free gingiva
masticatory mucosa, designed to withstand trauma
what covers attached gingiva
masticatory mucosa, designed to withstand trauma
free gingiva definition
-tissue that extends from gingival margin to base of sulcus
-normal color light pink
gingival sulcus definition
-space between free gingiva and tooth
-normal depth 0.5-3 mm
-inner portioned lined with non keratinized
-outer portion lined with keratinized
gingival papilla
free gingiva located in triangular interdental space
attached gingiva definition
extends apically from base of sulcus, attached to bone and cementum
-stippled effect caused by rete peg formation
cementum definition
- hard, bonelike, covers root
- cellular cementum covers apical portion of root
- acellular cementum covers the rest of root
periodontal ligaments definition
-dense connective fibers that surrounds the teeth
-connect teeth (by cementum) to the alveolar bone
alveolar bone definition
-thin covering of bone that surrounds teeth
-alveolus=tooth socket
alveolar bone made up of
-cortical bone=outside covering the jawbone
-trabecular bone=spongy/cancellous bone (inside the jawbone)
-bundle bone=around the root
-interdental=between teeth
-interradicular bone=between roots of multirooted teeth
bundle bone
-forms the inner bone of the tooth socket
-attachment of the PDL
-called Lamina Dura on X Ray
periodontal ligament fibers
-provide hammock effect; shock absorber
- Sharpey’s fibers: fibers embedded in cementum
-alveolar crest group:from cervical area of tooth to alveolar crest
-horizontal group:run horizontally
-oblique group:run obliquely (angled)
-apical group:apically from tooth to bone
-interradicular:between roots of multirooted teeth
functions of attachment unit
-supportive=support teeth, prevent movement
-nutritive= through blood vessels
-formative=contains cementoblasts
-sensory=through nerves
forces for movement
normal and external
normal forces
-mesial drift=forward direction
-active eruption=occlusal direction
-masticatory= oppose eruption forces
external forces
-orthodontic corrective
-traumatic occlusal
