Chapter 7 - Astronomy

Question 1

Who was the first to create a calendar

Answer 1

The Mesopotamian civilization, that had evidence of astronomical observations. They had a very detailed somewhat accurate calendar.

Question 2

Why are calendars useful ?

Answer 2

They allowed early civilizations to predict yearly occurring event, such ad flood or avalanches. And they allowed people predict when were the best times to hunt or harvest.

Question 3

How long is 1 earth year ?

Answer 3

365.24 days

Question 4

Rotation - earth

Answer 4

The earth rotates on an axis of 23.5 degrees, it takes 1 days for the earth to rotate fully on its axis

Question 5

Revolution - earth

Answer 5

The earth revolves around the sun.

Question 6

Why do we have seasons ?

Answer 6

We have seasons b/c of the earths tilt, in the winter the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun and in the summer tilted towards the sun.

Question 7

What is the name of our galaxy ?

Answer 7

The Milky Way

Question 8

What are the names of our planets

Answer 8

• Mercury
• Venus
• Earth
• Mars
• Jupiter
• Saturn
  -Uranus
• Neptune

Question 9

Mercury - atmosphere

Answer 9

No atmosphere to close to the sun

Question 10

Venus - atmosphere

Answer 10

Sulfur and CO2 and N2

Question 11

Earth - atmosphere

Answer 11

O2 N2 CO2 H2O

Question 12

Jupiter - atmosphere

Answer 12

H+ + He+ - fusing hydrogen and helium

Question 13

Saturn - atmosphere

Answer 13

H+ + He+

Question 14

Uranus - atmosphere

Answer 14

Methane

Question 15

Neptune - atmosphere

Answer 15

Methane

Question 16

Celestial object

Answer 16

Any object that exist in space.

Question 17

Astronomer

Answer 17

A scientist who studies astronomy.

Question 18

Astronomy

Answer 18

The study of the night sky.

Question 19

Revolution

Answer 19

The time it take for an object to go orbit another object.

Question 20

Rotation

Answer 20

The turning of an object around an imaginary axis running through it.

Question 21

Constellation

Answer 21

A group of stars that seem to from a distinctive pattern in the sky.

Question 22

Asterism

Answer 22

A prominent group of stars that have a name but smaller than a constellation

Question 23

Apparent magnitude

Answer 23

A star brightness as seen from earth.

Question 24

Comet

Answer 24

An object composed of rocky material, ice and gas, normally come from the Kuiper Belt or Oort Cloud. The tails are never facing the sun.

Question 25

Comet tails

Answer 25

Comets have 2 tails, the blue tail is made of gas and is also called the ion tail because the gases have been ionized by the sun radiation and the white tail is the sunlight reflecting of the particles that have been released.

Question 26

Asteroid

Answer 26

An object that ranges in size and generally originates from the asteroid belt.

Question 27

Meteoroid

Answer 27

A piece of rock moving through space.

Question 28

Meteorite

Answer 28

A meteoroid that was large enough to pass through earths atmosphere with ought being burned up.

Question 29

Meteor

Answer 29

A meteoroid that hits earth atmosphere and is burns up.

Question 30

Planet

Answer 30

Is an object that orbits 1 or more stars, is spherical and does not share its orbit with another object.

Question 31

Solar system

Answer 31

A groups of planets that circle 1 or more stars.

Question 32

Retrograde motion

Answer 32

The movement of an object in the sky moving from east to west and making a look to catch up with the other planets.

Question 33

Orbital radius

Answer 33

The average distance between the sun and the object orbiting it.

Question 34

Lunar eclipse

Answer 34

The phenomenon in which the full moon passes into the earths shadow. ( the earth is between the sun and the moon. A lunar eclipse generally happens 2 weeks before of after a solar eclipse.

Question 35

Solar eclipse

Answer 35

The phenomenon which is when the new moon passes in front of the sun, the moon and cast its shadow on the earth.

Question 36

Gravitational force

Answer 36

The force between all masses in the universe.

Question 37

Light year

Answer 37

The distance that light travels in a year, (9.46 x 10[12]). The velocity of light is 300 000 km/s, ( kilometres per second)

Question 38

Astronomical unit

Answer 38

1 astronomical unit is the distance between the earth and the sun,(149, 600 000)

Question 39

Latitude

Answer 39

The location below or above the equator.

Question 40

Tides

Answer 40

The rising and falling of the oceans water, this golems become of the Moon orbits around the earth.

Question 41

Solstice

Answer 41

A solstice is the shortest (winter) or longest day of the year.

Question 42

Equinox

Answer 42

An equinox is when the southern and northern hemisphere both of the same amount of daylight and night time.

Question 43

The closest star to our earth

Answer 43

Alpha Centauri

Question 44

What is the northernmost star

Answer 44

Polaris

Question 45

Ancient Chinese

Answer 45

Saw the Big Dipper as a chariot for the emperor of heavens.

Question 46

The Early Egyptians

Answer 46

Saw the leg and thing of a bull.

Question 47

The Early oboriginal cultures

Answer 47

Saw a bear and some hunter and in early autumn thy believed that the bears wounds would bleed o. The trees changing the colours of the leaves.

Question 48

Ptolemy

Answer 48

He proposed the geocentric model that last for 1400 years.

Question 49

Galileo

Answer 49

Discovered that we orbited the sun.

Question 50

Copernicus

Answer 50

Proposed the heliocentric model.

Question 51

Satellites

Answer 51

Is an object that moves around another bigger object. Most satellites at man made but moons can be a natural satellite too.

Question 52

Satellites orbit

Answer 52

Low earth orbit Medium earth orbit High earth obit

Question 53

Satellite used

Answer 53

Satellite can be used to monitor weather. Navigation and communications, agriculture and the minister different airspace’s.