Chapter 7: Body Fluids And Immunity

Question 0

Fluid balance

Answer 0

Fluid intake equals fluid output

Question 1

Body Fluid Function

Answer 1

To transport nutrients and remove wastes

Question 2

Intracellular fluid

Answer 2

Within cells; majority of fluid in an adult’s body

Question 3

Extra cellular

Answer 3

Majority of fluid

Question 4

Plasma (extracellular)

Answer 4

The liquid part of blood

Question 5

Intrerstitial fluid (extracellular)

Answer 5

Located between the cells & tissue spaces

Question 6

Blood is carried away from the —– by ——– to all —– in the body

Answer 6

Heart, arteries, cells

Question 7

Secretion

Answer 7

Process of discharging chemical substances needed by the body

Question 8

Excretion

Answer 8

Elimination of waste substances

Question 9

Nonspecific defense mechanisms

Answer 9

Fights against all pathogens

Question 10

Barriers

Answer 10

Prevent pathogen entry

Question 11

Complement

Answer 11

Destroys bacterial cells

Question 12

Interferon

Answer 12

Protect cells from viral infection

Question 13

Phagocytes

Answer 13

Remove debris and pathogen

Question 14

Inflammation

Answer 14

Localizes damage and prepared tissues for healing

Question 15

Specific defense mechanisms

Answer 15

Mechanisms only for particular pathogens

Question 16

Cell-mediated immunity

Answer 16

Involves T-Lymphocytes or T cells, a WBC

Question 17

Antibody-mediated immunity

Answer 17

Involves B-Lymphocytes or B cells, a WBC

Question 18

Active natural immunity

Answer 18

Contracts disease and produce memory cells

Question 19

Active artificial immunity

Answer 19

Receives vaccination and produce memory cells

Question 20

Passive natural immunity

Answer 20

Receive maternal antibodies through placenta or breast milk

Question 21

Passive artificial immunity

Answer 21

Receives antiserum with antibodies from another host

Question 22

Allergen

Answer 22

Essentially harmless substances that causes allergies

Question 23

Allergies

Answer 23

Body reactions with an immune response to common substances in the environment

Question 24

Anaphylaxis

Answer 24

Life threatening, hypersensitive reactions to a previously encountered antigen

Question 25

Antigen

Answer 25

Substance that is capable of including a specific immune response

Question 26

Antibodies/immunoglobulins

Answer 26

Formed against antigens; act against harmful, invading microorganisms

Question 27

Histamine

Answer 27

Substance released by injured cells in an allergic reaction which dilates the capillaries

Question 28

Hypersensitivity

Answer 28

Heightened reaction to an antigen

Question 29

Resistance

Answer 29

Body's natural ability to counteract microorganisms with toxics

Question 30

Susceptibility

Answer 30

Lack of resistance

Question 31

Coagulate

Answer 31

Formation of a clot

Question 32

Hematoma

Answer 32

Collection of blood, usually clotted resulting from a break in the blood vessels wall

Question 33

Hyperemia

Answer 33

Excessive blood caused by increased blow flow

Question 34

In vitro

Answer 34

Occurring in a laboratory test tube

Question 35

In vivo

Answer 35

Occurring in a living organism

Question 36

Septicemia

Answer 36

Infection in which pathogens spread from body parts, multiplies, and causes blood infection

Question 37

Dyspnea

Answer 37

Difficult breathing

Question 38

Pallor

Answer 38

Unnatural paleness/absence of color

Question 39

Syncope

Answer 39

Fainting

Question 40

Tachycardia

Answer 40

Increased heart rate

Question 41

Tinnitus

Answer 41

Ringing in the ears

Question 42

Toxemia

Answer 42

Presence of microbial toxins in the blood

Question 43

Allogenic/allogeneic

Answer 43

Denoting individuals or tissues that are of the same species

Question 44

Allograft/homologous

Answer 44

Tissue removed from a donor from transplant to a recipient

Question 45

Autologous

Answer 45

Blood removal and stored for a period before being returned to the donors circulation

Question 46

Intrauterine

Answer 46

Immediate exchange transfusions after birth

Question 47

Isograft

Answer 47

A transplant from ones identical twin