Chapter 7 exam 2 Flashcards
(19 cards)
Social inequality
a high degree of disparity in income, wealth, power, prestige and other resources
Social stratification
the systematic ranking of different groups of people in a hierarchy of inequality
Caste Society
a system in which the social levels are closed, so that all individuals remain at the social level of their birth throughout life
Class society
a system in which social mobility allows an individual to change his or her socioeconomic position
social categories
categories of people sharing common characteristics without necessarily interacting or identifying with one another
achieved status
social position linked to an individual’s acquisition of socially valued credentials or skills
Ascribed Status
social position linked to characteristics that are socially significant but cannot generally be altered (such as race or gender)
Class
a person’s economic position in society, usually associated with income, wealth, and occupation and sometimes political voice
Life Chances
the opportunities and obstacles a person encounters in education, social life, work, and other areas critical to social mobility
Social mobility
the upward or downward status movement of individuals or groups over time
income
the amount of money a person or household earns in a given period of time
Wealth
the value of everything a person owns minus the value of everything he or she owes
Net financial assets
a measure of wealth that excludes illiquid personal assets such as a home or a car
occupation
a persons main vocation or paid employment
status
the prestige associated with a social position
Political power
the ability to exercise influence on political institutions or actors in order to realize personal or group interests
Food deserts
areas that lack sources of competitively priced healthy and fresh food
official poverty line
the dollar amount set by the government as the minimum necessary to meet the basic needs of a family
meritocracy
a society in which personal success is based on talent and individual effort
