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CSD 200 Exam 2 > Chapter 7- Language Disorders in Early and Later Childhood > Flashcards

Chapter 7- Language Disorders in Early and Later Childhood Flashcards

0
Q

Language disorders affect one’s language in all or some of what 3 senses?

A
  1. Form (phonology, morphology, syntax)
  2. Content (semantics)
  3. Function (pragmatics)
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1
Q

What is a language disorder?

A

When someone exhibits significant and persistent difficulties with the comprehension and/or expression of spoken/written language

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2
Q

To determine whether a child has a language disorder or simply a language difference you must examine the child’s language skills relative to what 2 expectations

A
  1. Normative expectations

2. Cultural expectations

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3
Q

Because of the challenges in determining whether there are significant difficulties what do SLPs rely on?

A

Tests

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4
Q

What term carries the connotation that children exhibiting problems with language achievements are getting a late start and can be expected to catch up?

A

Language delay

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5
Q

The gap between children with normal development and those with language disorders tends to _______ over time.

A

widen

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6
Q

What is the Matthew effect?

A

“The rich get richer and the poor get poorer”

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7
Q

Do children with language disorders often times catch up with other children in time?

A

No; they fall farther behind

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8
Q

What two terms are preferred for children who are experiencing significant challenges in language development relative to other children?

A

Language disorder and Language impairment

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9
Q

What does the term specific learning disability describe?

A

Children with substantial and persisting problems in reading, writing, and mathematics

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10
Q

What is the most common type of communication impairment affecting children?

A

Language disorders

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11
Q

What percentage of toddlers are late talkers?

A

15%

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12
Q

What is a primary disorder of language?

A

A language disorder in the absence of any other significant disability

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13
Q

What is secondary disorder of language?

A

A language disorder that is the result of other intellectual or developmental disorders or of a brain injury

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14
Q

What does etiology mean?

A

Cause

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15
Q

What type of language disorder is present from birth?

A

Developmental language disorder

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16
Q

What type of language disorder is experienced sometime after birth?

A

Acquired language disorder

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17
Q

What is one of the few types of language disorders that are totally preventable?

A

Shaken baby syndrome

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18
Q

When children only have trouble with speaking language what type of language disorder do they have?

A

Specific expressive language disorder (SELD)

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19
Q

What type of language disorder do children have when they have problems with both expression and comprehension?

A

Mixed receptive-expressive disorder

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20
Q

Form refers to what components of communication?

A

Morphology, syntax, phonology

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21
Q

Content refers to what component of communication?

A

Semantics

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22
Q

Use refers to what component of communication?

A

Pragmatics

23
Q

A disorder affecting only one domain is a _________ disorder.

A

Focal

24
Q

A disorder affecting multiple domains is a __________ disorder.

A

Diffuse

25
Q

A diffuse/focal disorder is less likely to resolve itself and is viewed as more serious?

A

Diffuse

26
Q

T/F Children with language disorders are not highly susceptible to having difficulties with reading and writing.

A

False: they ARE highly susceptible

27
Q

What is decoding?

A

Applying the alphabetic principle to identify the spoken word that corresponds with a written word

28
Q

What is the alphabetic principle?

A

The understanding that speech and print correspond in a predictable and systematic fashion.

29
Q

What is it called when children simultaneously draw meaning from the text and construct meaning based on their prior knowledge and experiences?

A

Reading comprehension

30
Q

What is based on the extent to which a disorder hinders a child’s ability to use language for functional purposes?

A

Severity

31
Q

What type of language disorder describes a significant impairment of expressive or receptive language in preschool or school age children that cannot be attributed to any other causal condition?

A

Specific language impairment

32
Q

Why is the language profile of children with SLI difficult to capture?

A

The children are a diverse group

33
Q

What is the cause of SLI?

A

There is no known cause

34
Q

What is the current view on how children get SLI’s?

A

Biological or genetic factors predispose a child to it

35
Q

What is an umbrella term describing a variety of developmental conditions that are characterized by significant difficulties in social interactions and communication?

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

36
Q

What are the 4 conditions to be met to be diagnosed with ASD?

A

1- symptoms must emerge during childhood
2- symptoms must affect everyday functioning
3- symptoms must include problems with social communication/interaction
4- symptoms must include restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior

37
Q

Children with relatively modest impairments in social communication are typically diagnosed with what?

A

Asperger’s Syndrome

38
Q

ASDs are currently viewed as neurobiological disorders resulting from what?

A

An organic brain abnormality

39
Q

What is anoxia?

A

Lack of oxygen to the child’s brain

40
Q

What is encephalitis?

A

Inflammation of the brain

41
Q

Is there a link between the MMR vaccine and risk of autism?

A

NO

42
Q

What is it called when a child has a condition of arrested or incomplete development of the mind?

A

Intellectual disability

43
Q

What term is also used to describe children with IDDs?

A

Developmental delay

44
Q

We can view IDDs as what type of disorder?

A

Cognitive-adaptive disorder

45
Q

Children with (mild/moderate/severe/profound) intellectual disorders would have trouble understanding idiomatic expressions (hit the books) or abstract notions (liberty or cooperation)

A

Mild

46
Q

The language skills of children and adolescents with Down syndrome tend to be characterized by what type of sentences and what type of speech?

A

SHORT sentences and A SLOW RATE of speech

47
Q

When considering the language achievements of individuals with intellectual disability, it is important to note whether the disability is _________ or _________.

A

Static or progressive

48
Q

What does it mean when a intellectually disability is static?

A

It will typically show a steady slow rate of language developement

49
Q

Down syndrome is a static or progressive intellectual disability?

A

Static

50
Q

A child with a progressive intellectual disorder will have what kind of language development?

A

Regressive over time

51
Q

Serious brain injuries can result from what three things?

A

1- infection
2- disease
3- physical trauma

52
Q

Who are at the greatest risk of TBIs (traumatic brain injuries)?

A

Young children, adolescent males, and the elderly

53
Q

What is the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) used for?

A

To show the level of consciousness the injured patient experiences after the injury as well as during subsequent monitoring.

54
Q

What is the most common TBI?

A

Closed-head injury (CHI)

CSD 200 Exam 2 (3 decks)

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