Chapter 7- Nutrition Across the Lifespan Flashcards
(43 cards)
Nutrition during pregnancy/lactation
2nd trimester
additional 340 calories per day
how many additional calories during 3rd trimester:
additional 450 calories per day
How many calories to intake during lactation?
additional 330 calories first 6 months (400 after that)
Weight gain expected each trimester
1st trimester
First trimester 1-4 lbs TOTAL
weight gain expeced (Second and 3rd trimester)
2-4 lbs per month
Total expected weight gain during pregnancy
normal
25-35 lbs
Total expected weight gain during pregnancy
underweight
28-40 lbs
Total expected weight gain during pregnancy
overweight
15-25 lbs
How much fluids should pregnant people intake?
- 2-3 L of fluids a day
- limit caffeine 300mg/day or less
folic acid amount during pregnancy
600 mcg to prevent neural tube defects
iron rich foods
beans,fish,dairy products, lean red meats,apples
foods to avoid during pregancy
avoid fish and shellfish due to mercury level
patient teaching for dietary concerns during pregnancy- N/V
eat dry crackers or toast (low-fat carbs). avoid drinking water with meals. Avoid caffeine, fatty food, and spicy food. serve food at room temp or chilled. maintain good oral hygiene
patient teaching for dietary concerns during pregnancy- constipation
increase fiber (including cellulose) fluid intake. engage in physical activity
patient teaching for dietary concerns during pregnancy- PKU
avoid high protein foods ( meat, fish, poultry, eggs, nuts, dairy products). Monitor phenylketonuria levels during pregnancy
what happens to the birth weight?
birth weight doubles by 6 months, triples by 1 year of age
when to use breast milk formula?
breast milk (or formula) ONLY for first 4-6 months
When should you introduce solid foods to baby?
when baby can sit up and has head control ( iron fortified cereal should be the first solid food introduced)
When to introduce new foods to baby?
new foods introduced one at a time over 5-7 days to assess for allergies or intolerance
when do you give cow milk?
cow’s milk should only be given after 1 year of age
breastmilk
- discard unused breast milk after feeding
- do NOT microwave
How long can you store breastmilk?
- store in refrigerator for 5-8 days
- can be frozen for up to 6 months (or 12 months in deep freezer)
- use thawed milk within 24 hours. Do not refreeze thawed milk
colic
characterized by persistent crying lasting 3+ hours per day
-resolved by 3 months of age
when does colic occur?
- occurs in late afternoon, more than 3 days per week for more than 3 weeks
- crying accompanied by tense abdomen and legs drawn up to belly
