Chapter 7 structures Flashcards
(6 cards)
Aztreonam
monobactam
AT ring = affinity for G -
AKI = BLase stability (no ESBL)
2-a-methyl = BLase stability
sulfonate = - R which enhanes electrophilicity = BL reactivity for PBP3 acylation = selective for G- (Including some P. aeruginosa)
More reactive than Pen G
Cannot give orally, Can be given IV, IM, or inhalation
Cannot be used on G + bugs, anaerobes = intrinsically resistant
does have resonance structures
Does not induce chromosomal BLase
is a zwitterion in plasma
short half life, renal clearance (TS + GF)
thienamycin
carbapenem
natural product
has greater ring strain b/c C is smaller than S
unsaturation facilitates binding to renal DHP-1
6-hydroxyethyl = enhanced BLase stability
reacts spontaneously with itself
Imipenem
carbapenem
has greater ring strain b/c C is smaller than S
unsaturation facilitates binding to renal DHP-1
6-hydroxyethyl = enhanced BLase stability
N-formimidoyl group = chem stability = prevent aminolysis
DHP - 1 metabolism results in hydrolyzed inactive product
effective against anaerobes
Very low PPB
history of seizure = dont use imipenem
Meropenem
carbapenem
4-beta-methyl = decreased DHP - 1 metab and resistance to BLase inactivation
branched aminoethylthioether = inc porin penetration
short half life
effective against anaerobes
effective against B. cepacia
very low PPB
Doripenem
carbapenem
similar to meropenem
short half life
effective against anaerobes
Very low PPB
Ertapenem
carbapenem
COOH on aromatic ring = loss of activity against pseudomonas, but it also means inc PPB and inc half life (4 hours)
effective against anaerobes
