Chapter 7 Test

Question 1

Three nitrogenous waste products that are released into the bloodstream

Answer 1

Urea, creatine, and uric acid

Question 2

Hormone that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow

Answer 2

Erythropoetin (EPO)

Question 3

Raises blood pressure (to keep blood moving through the kidney)

Answer 3

Renin

Question 4

Small molecules that conduct and electrical charge

Answer 4

Electrolytes

Question 5

Examples of electrolytes

Answer 5

sodium and potassium

Question 6

Two hormones that the kidney releases

Answer 6

Renin and erythropoetin

Question 7

Active form of Vitamin D

Answer 7

Calciferol

Question 8

Four functions of the kidneys

Answer 8

Remove nitrogenous wastes
Balance water and electrolytes
Release hormone
Degrade and eliminate hormones

Question 9

cali/o, calic/o

Answer 9

calyx; cup-shaped

Question 10

pyel/o

Answer 10

renal pelvis

Question 11

vesic/o

Answer 11

urinary bladder

Question 12

azot/o

Answer 12

nitrogen

Question 13

dips/o

Answer 13

thirst

Question 14

kal/i

Answer 14

potassium

Question 15

natr/o

Answer 15

sodium

Question 16

olig/o

Answer 16

scanty

Question 17

-tripsy

Answer 17

crushing

Question 18

Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney

Answer 18

glomerulonephritis

Question 19

inflammation of connective tissue that lies between the real tubules

Answer 19

interstitial nephritis

Question 20

Group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine

Answer 20

nephrotic syndrome (nephrosis)

Question 21

multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney

Answer 21

polycystic kidney disease (PKD)

Question 22

inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma

Answer 22

pyelonephritis

Question 23

Decrease in excretion of wastes results from impaired filtration function

Answer 23

renal failure

Question 24

Malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood

Answer 24

Wilms tumor

Question 25

Malignant tumor of the urinary bladder

Answer 25

Bladder cancer

Question 26

antidiuretic hormone is not secreted, or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH

Answer 26

diabetes insipidus (DI)

Question 27

insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects

Answer 27

diabetes mellitus (DM)

Question 28

Measurement of urea levels in the blood

Answer 28

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Question 29

X-ray examination (with contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder

Answer 29

KUB

Question 30

X-ray image (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding

Answer 30

voiding cystourethrogram

Question 31

Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope

Answer 31

cystoscopy

Question 32

Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood

Answer 32

dialysis

Question 33

ADH

Answer 33

antidiuretic hormone

Question 34

AKI

Answer 34

acute kidney infection

Question 35

BUN

Answer 35

blood urea nitrogen

Question 36

CKD

Answer 36

chronic kidney disease

Question 37

C&S

Answer 37

culture and sensitivity testing

Question 38

ESWL

Answer 38

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

Question 39

K+

Answer 39

potassium

Question 40

Na+

Answer 40

sodium

Question 41

KUB

Answer 41

kidney, ureter, and bladder

Question 42

pH

Answer 42

potential hydrogen

Question 43

UA

Answer 43

urinalysis

Question 44

UTI

Answer 44

urinary tract infection

Question 45

VCUG

Answer 45

voiding cystourethrogram

Question 46

Lack of ADH causes...(2)

Answer 46

decreased reabsorption | increased urine output with dehydration

Question 47

Most common diagnostic procedure for bladder cancer

Answer 47

Cystoscopy with biopsy

Question 48

Signs and symptoms of bladder cancer

Answer 48

microscopic hematuria and dysuria

Question 49

ESRD

Answer 49

end stage renal disease

Question 50

AKI is...

Answer 50

sudden, severe onset

Question 51

Renal failure that has 5 stages, is slowly progressive, loss of glomerulus filtration rate (GFR)

Answer 51

CKD

Question 52

Signs and symptoms of pyelonephritis

Answer 52

upper UTI, flank pain, tx. with antibiotics

Question 53

low SG equals

Answer 53

more dilute

Question 54

higher SG equals

Answer 54

more concentrated