Chapter 7: The Skeletal System Flashcards by Paolo Cristobal

The five functions of the sksletal system

suport
protection
assists 
manufactures blood cells
storage of mineral salts

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Osteoblasts invade __ and begin the process of ossification

cartilage

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The ___ is a fibrovascular membrane that covers bone

Periosteum

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The ____ is the membrane that lines the medullary cavity

Endosteum

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Bone remodeling is made possible by __ and ___

osteocyte

osteoblast

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The process of ossification can be either __ or ___

intromembranous

endochondrial

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Correct calcium ion concentration in blood and bone is maintained by __ and ___

calcitonin

parathormone

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___ bone is dense and strong while ___ bone is spongy

Compact

Cancellous

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An oseton is also called the ___ ___ which allows for the effective metabolism of bone cells

Haversian Canal

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The spaces within cancellous bone contain __ __ __, which is responsible for hematopoiesis

red bone marrow

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Long bones consist of

Diaphysis
metaphysis
epiphysis

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___ bones are enclosed in a tendon and fascial tissue

Sesamoid Bones

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An obvious bony prominence is called a

Process

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A depression or cavity in or on a bone is called a

Fossae

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The skeleton is dived into two parts

Axial

Appendicular

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The __ bone is a single bone that forms the posterior base of the cranium

occipital

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The anchor bone for the cranium

The atlas Bone

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The freely moveable bone of the face

The lower jawbone/ Mandible

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The spinal cord passes through a space called the

The neural/vertabral foramen

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The largest and strongest vertebrae are those of the __ section of the spine

Lumbar

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___ are the bones of the fingers and toes

Phalanges

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___ is the manufacture of red blood cells

hematopoiesis

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The turbinates are also called the nasal ___ bones

Nasal Concha

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Result of abnormal endochondral ossification at the epiphyseal plate of long bones

giantism

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lateral curvature of the spine

scoliosis

the laminae of the posterior vertebral arch do not unite at the mid line

spina bifida

Disorder characterized by disease in bone mass with increased susceptibility to fractures

osteoporosis

Rupture of fibrocartilage surrounding an intervertebral disk

herniated disk

Irregular thickening and softening of the bones with excessive bone dstruction

Paget's disease

Swayback

Lordosis

Strongest portion of the hip bone

Ischium

Accentuated curvature of the spine in the upper thoracic region

kyphosis

Second vertebra

axis

Direct articulation with the sternum

True ribs

Indirect articulation with the sternum

false ribs

Do not attach anteriorly

floating ribs

bones of the writs

carpals

Anvil

Incus

Kneecap

Patella

Give rise to osteoblasts

osteoprogenitor

immoveable joint line of the cranium

suture

tie bones to bone

ligaments

tongue attached to it

hyoid

``` Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system? support protection nutrient absoprtion movement storage of mineral salts ```

nutrient absorption

Longitudinal growth of the bone continues until approximately what age in boys?

Undifferentiated bone cells are called

osteoprogenitors

the skeletal system is most closely associated with which system

muscular

The hormones responsible for proper calcium balance in the body are

parathormone and calcitonin

Osteomalacia in adults is known as what disease in children

rickets

Hematopoiesis takes place in which type of bone

cancellous

The haversian system is necessary for

effective metabolism of bone cells

Blood cells in all stages of development are found in

red marrow

bones can be divided into how many categories based on shape

Long bones have a shaft called a

diaphysis

the medullary shaft is filled with

yellow marrow

examples of flat bones are

ribs and scapula

a sesamoid bone is the

patella

``` which of the following is not a process meatus condyle tubercle crest trochlea ```

meatus

``` which of the following is not a fossa suture sinus trochanter sulcus foramen ```

trochanter

Which two bones form the upper sides and roof of the cranium

parietal

the cheekbones are which bones

malar?

bones act as storage areas for mineral salts and

fats?

which bone of the axial skeleton has no articulation with other bones

hyoid?

there are how many sections of the spine

the two sections of the spine that consist of fused bones are the

coccygeal and sacrum

Abnormal curvature of the spine in the lumbar region is known as swayback or

lordosis

The manubrium articulates with the

clavicle

the lower five pairs of ribs are called the

false ribs

two bony projections of the scapula are called the

coracoid processes

the longer bone of the forearm is the

ulna

the coxal bones make up the

pelvic girdle

The longest and heaviest bone of the body is the

femur

The shinbone is the

tibia

which of the foot bones is the largest

calcaneus

decreased height of the longitudinal arches is known as

pes planus

``` which of the following is not a bone of the axial skeleton sternum occipital xiphoid raidus coccyx ```

radius

``` which of the following is not a bone of the appendicular skeleton ulna ribs femur patella calcaneus ```

ribs

which attaches bone to bone

ligament

the metaphysis consists mainly of

spongy bone

what is the name for the two deep cavities in the upper portion of the face that protects the eyes

orbits

during labor and birth, epidural anesthetics are commonly given in

the lumbar region