CHAPTER 8 Flashcards
branch of public health that deals with the study of preventing illnesses by managing the environment and changing people’s behavior to reduce exposure to biological and non-biological agents of disease and injury.
Environmental Health
John Tomarro suggest that environmental health deal with 3 factors: TRIAD
M-E-D
MAN ——> DISEASE AGENT—-> ENVIRONMENT
_____ by manipulating his environment, is able to prevent contracting disease by blocking disease agents from
entering his body;
MAN
In the Man-Disease Agent-Environment triad, we can do three preventive strategies namely:
- Change the people’s behavior to manipulate environment! and reduce their exposure to biological and non-biological disease agents,
- prevent production or presence of disease agents
- Increase man’s resistance or immunity to disease agents.
The first strategy on changing people’s behavior is best exemplified by the people’s
Use of food safety practices.
-safe drinking and cooking water
-handwashing before & after eating
-washing vegetables during food prep
-store cooked food in right temperature
The second strategy on preventing production of disease agents is shown by?
Treatment of wastewater coming from domestic & industrial sources prior to release in environment
RA 9275
Clean water act
Third strategy of increasing people’s resistance is through:
-Maternal and child EPI & Nutrition
EPI Program is focused on infectious DSE namely:
TTPPMDH
-TB
-Polio
-Diptheria
-Pertussis
-Tetanus
-Hepa B
-Measles
the study of all factors in man’s physical environment, which may exercise a deleterious effect on his health well-being and survival.
Environmental Sanitation
*Water sanitation
* Food sanitation
* Refuse and garbage disposal
* Excreta disposal
* Insect vector and rodent control
* Housing
* Air pollution
* Noise
* Radiological Protection
* Institutional sanitation
* Stream pollution
-is responsible for the promotion of healthy environmental conditions
-prevention of environmental related diseases through appropriate sanitation strategies.
-conceptualize new programs
-provide technical assistance on sanitation programs
EOHO (Environmental & occupational health office)
MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SANITATION PROGRAMS:
HEALTH AND SANITATION
WATER SUPPLY SANITATION PROGRAM
PD 856
Sanitation Code of the Philippines
The Department of Health through the EOHO has set some policies· on the
following areas:
- Approved types of water facilities
- Unapproved type of water facility
- Access to safe and potable drinking water
- Water quality and monitoring surveillance
- Waterworks/Water system and well construction
- Approved types of water supply facilities
LEVEL I (Point Source):
LEVEL II (Communal Faucet System or Stand-Posts
LEVEL Ill (Waterworks System or Individual House Connections)
-protected well or developed spring
-15-25 households
-outreach must not be more than 250 meters from the farthest user
LEVEL I (Point Source)
- piped distribution network
-communal faucets
-<25 meters fromfarthest house
-100 households
LEVEL II (Communal Faucet System or Stand-Posts
-with a source, a reservoir, a piped distributor network and household
taps.
-densely populated urban areas
-minimum treatment or disinfection
LEVEL Ill (Waterworks System or Individual House Connections)
Unapproved type of water facility
Doubtful sources:
-Open dug wells
-Unimproved springs & wells, that needs priming
Approved types of toilet facilities
Level 1:
-Non-water use : Pit latrines, Reed odor less earth closet.
-Minimal Water use: Pour-flush, Aqua Privies
Level 2:
-Water-carriage: septic tank
-water sealed : flush type with septic vault/tank.
Level 3:
-Water carriage :septic tanks
and/or to sewerage system to treatment plant.
Non-water use :
-Pit latrines
-Reed odor less earth closet.
Level 1
-Water-carriage: septic tank
-water sealed : flush type with septic vault/tank.
Level 2:
Food Establishments shall be appraised as to the following sanitary conditions.
- Inspection/approval of all food sources, containers, transport vehicles.
- Compliance to Sanitary Permit requirements
*Provision of updated Health Certificate for food Handlers, cooks, helpers, & utility. - Laboratories to use formalin ether concentration technique (FECT) fecalysis of foodhandlers.
- Destruction or banning of food unfit for human consumption.
- Training of food handlers and operators on food sanitation
- food establishment Rating
Ambulant food vendors
health certificate which also include monitoring the presence of intestinal
parasite and bacterial infection.
