Chapter 8

Question 1

A planned effort by
an organization to facilitate the
learning of job-related behavior
on the part of its employees.

Answer 1

Training

Question 2

The process
of determining the training
needs of an organization.

Answer 2

Needs analysis

Question 3

The process of determining the
organizational factors that will
either facilitate or inhibit training
effectiveness.

Answer 3

Organizational analysis

Question 4

identify the tasks performed by each employee, the conditions under which these tasks
are performed, and the competencies (knowledge, skills, abilities) needed to perform the tasks under the identified conditions

Answer 4

Task Analysis

Question 5

The process
of identifying the employees
who need training and determining the areas in which each
individual employee needs to
be trained.

Answer 5

Person analysis

Question 6

A rating representing
some aspect of an employee’s
work performance.

Answer 6

Performance appraisal
score

Question 7

Questionnaires asking
employees about the areas in
which they feel they need
training.

Answer 7

Surveys

Question 8

A test that measures
an employee’s level of some job-related skill.

Answer 8

Skill test

Question 9

A test that
measures the level of an employee’s knowledge about a jobrelated topic.

Answer 9

Knowledge test

Question 10

A training
technique in which employees,
usually in a group, are presented
with a real or hypothetical
workplace problem and are
asked to propose the best
solution.

Answer 10

Case study

Question 11

A case study
based on a real situation rather
than a hypothetical one.

Answer 11

Living case

Question 12

An exercise designed to place an applicant in a
situation that is similar to the
one that will be encountered on
the job.

Answer 12

Simulation

Question 13

A training technique
in which employees act out
simulated roles.

Answer 13

Role-play

Question 14

A
training technique in which
employees observe correct behavior, practice that behavior,
and then receive feedback about
their performance.

Answer 14

Behavior modeling

Question 15

Concentrating learning into a
short period of time.

Answer 15

Massed practice

Question 16

Distance learning programs in which employees can complete the
training at their own pace and at
a time of their choosing.

Answer 16

Asynchronous
technologies

Question 17

Distance learning programs that require employees to complete the training
at the same time and at the
same pace although they may
be in different physical locations.

Answer 17

Synchronous
technologies

Question 18

A training
technique in which an employee
is presented with a videotaped
situation and is asked to respond
to the situation and then receives feedback based on the
response.

Answer 18

Interactive video

Question 19

A training method in which
employees learn information at
their own pace.

Answer 19

Programmed instruction

Question 20

An interactive training
method in which training is
transmitted over the Internet

Answer 20

Webinar

Question 21

A noninteractive
training method in which the
trainer transmits training information over the Internet.

Answer 21

Webcast

Question 22

A website in which the
host regularly posts commentaries on a topic that readers can
respond to.

Answer 22

Blog

Question 23

A collection of web pages
in which users can create web
pages on a topic and readers can
freely edit those pages.

Answer 23

Wiki

Question 24

A program that automatically distributes e-mail
messages to a group of people
who have a common interest

Answer 24

Listserv

Question 25

Learning through watching and imitating the behavior of others.

Answer 25

Modeling

Question 26

A system in which employees are given the opportunity to perform several different jobs in an organization

Answer 26

Job rotation

Question 27

Teaching employees how to perform tasks traditionally performed by other employees.

Answer 27

Cross-training

Question 28

A training program, usually found in the craft and building trades, in which employees combine formal coursework with formal on-the-job training.

Answer 28

Apprentice training

Question 29

A formal method of coaching in which excellent employees spend a period of time in the training department learning training techniques and training employees.

Answer 29

Pass-through programs

Question 30

An experienced employee who advises and looks out for a new employee.

Answer 30

Mentor

Question 31

Compensating an employee who participates in a training program designed to increase a particular job-related skill.

Answer 31

Skill-based pay

Question 32

Providing employees with specific information about how well they are performing a task or series of tasks.

Answer 32

Feedback

Question 33

Telling employees what they are doing incorrectly in order to improve their performance of a task

Answer 33

Negative feedback

Question 34

Practicing a task even after it has been mastered in order to retain learning.

Answer 34

Overlearning

Question 35

A measure of job performance or knowledge taken before the implementation of a training program.

Answer 35

Pretest

Question 36

A measure of job performance or knowledge taken after a training program has been completed.

Answer 36

Posttest

Question 37

An extensive method of evaluating the effectiveness of training with the use of pretests, posttests, and control groups.

Answer 37

Solomon four-groups design

Question 38

A method of evaluating training in which employees are asked their opinions of a training program.

Answer 38

Employee reactions

Question 39

Evaluating the effectiveness of a training program by measuring how much employees learned from it.

Answer 39

Employee learning

Question 40

Measurement of the effectiveness of training by determining the extent to which employees apply the material taught in a training program.

Answer 40

Application of training

Question 41

A method of evaluating the effectiveness of training by determining whether the goals of the training were met.

Answer 41

Business impact

Question 42

The amount of money an organization makes after subtracting the cost of training or other interventions.

Answer 42

Return on investment (ROI)

Question 43

A systematic acquisition of skills, rules, concepts, or attitudes that result in improved performance. Training compensates for the inability to select desired applicants.

Answer 43

Training

Question 44

Person Analysis uses the following methods:

Answer 44

a. Performance Appraisal Score b. Surveys c. Interviews d. Skills and Knowledge Tests e. Critical Incidents

Question 45

Three Analysis to determine training needs

Answer 45

1. Organizational Analysis 2. Task Analysis 3. Person Analysis

Question 46

Steps in Developing Training Plan

Answer 46

1. Establishing Goals and Objectives 2. Motivating Employee 3. Choosing the Best Training Method

Question 47

How to conduct classroom training?

Answer 47

1. Initial Decisions 2. Preparing for Classroom Training 3. Delivering the Training Program 4. Using Case Studies to Apply Knowledge 5. Using Simulation Exercises 6. Practicing Interpersonal Skills through Role-Playing 7. Through Behaviour Modelling

Question 48

Similar to role play except that trainees role-play ideal behavior rather than the behavior they might normally perform

Answer 48

Behaviour Modeling

Question 49

Providing Individual Training through Distance Learning

Answer 49

1. Programmed Instructions 2. Using Books, Videos, of Interactive Video 3. COMPUTER-BASED OR WEB-BASED PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION

Question 50

The extent to which behavior learned in training will be performed on the job

Answer 50

Transfer of training

Question 51

Practicing a task even after it has been mastered in order to retain learning

Answer 51

Overlearning