Chapter 8 Flashcards
(25 cards)
What bones compose the pectoral girdle?
Scapula and clavicle
What is the only long bone that lies in the horizontal position in the body?
Clavicle
What is the most commonly fractured bone in the body?
Clavicle
What part of the scapula is a shallow depression that articulates with the head of the humerus?
Glenoid cavity
What is the difference between the anatomical and surgical neck of the humerus?
Anatomical neck – margin of smooth area on head of humerus
Surgical neck – base of expanded proximal end of humerus – joins narrow shaft
What is the common site of arm fracture?
Surgical neck of humerus
The ulna is the medial/lateral bone of the forearm and the radius is the medial/lateral bone of the forearm.
- Medial
- Lateral
The ulna and radius are connected via the _______________ membrane that holds the two bones together.
interosseous
How many carpal bones are there in one hand? What are the proximal row bones and what are the distal row bones (lateral to proximal)?
8 total
Proximal: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
Distal: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
Which carpal bones contribute to the radiocarpal joint directly? And indirectly?
Directly – scaphoid and lunate
Indirectly - triquetrum
The carpal bones plus ______ _____________ form the carpal tunnel.
flexor retinaculum
What is another name for the thumb?
Pollex
What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone?
Scaphoid
What are the three bones that fuse in the hip to form the hip bone?
Ilium, ischium, pubis
Why is the greater pelvis called the false pelvis?
Because it contains the small and large intestines, and these aren’t truly pelvic organs.
What are some differences between the male and female pelvis?
Female pelvic bones are lighter and thinner, pelvic inlet is round/oval, lesser pelvic area is shorter and wider, subpubic angle is greater than 80 degrees, and pelvic outlet is rounded and larger.
Male pelvic inlet is heart-shaped, longer and narrower pelvic cavity, subpubic angle is less than 70 degrees, and pelvic outlet is smaller.
What is the longest and strongest bone of the body?
Femur
What area of the femur is the most common site for fractures?
Neck of femur
The patella is what type of bone and is also known as what?
Sesamoid bone and is known as the kneecap
What is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg and also the second longest bone of the body?
Tibia
What structure forms the medial bump of the ankle? And the lateral bump of the ankle?
Medial malleolus (tibia) and lateral malleolus (fibula)
What is another name for the big toe?
Hallux
Limbs develop from _________ to ______.
- Proximal
- Distal
All bones except for the ________ undergo endochondral ossification.
Clavicle
