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Bio-181 > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first law of Thermodynamics?

A

Energy can be transferred and transformed but cannot be created or destoryed

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2
Q

What is the second law of thermodynamics?

A

Every energy transfer/transformed increases the entropy of the universe.

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3
Q

What is Metabolism?

A

the totality of an organisms chemical reaction

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4
Q

What is catabolism and what does it do?

A

It is a breakdown process that breaks large molecules into smaller ones through an exergonic reaction

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5
Q

What is anabolism and what does it do?

A

It is a building/synthesizing process; brings up monomers to make polymers through an endogonic reaction

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6
Q

What is energy?

A

The capacity to cause change

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7
Q

What is Thermal Energy?

A

Kinetic energy + random movement of particles ; Heat

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8
Q

What is Chemical Energy?

A

The avaiable energy that can be used

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9
Q

What is Thermodynamics?

A

The study of energy transformations

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10
Q

What is entropy?

A

it refers to the disorderliness in the universe

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11
Q

What process can occur without energy?

A

A spontaneous process

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12
Q

What process needs energy to occur?

A

A non-spontaneous process

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13
Q

What is free energy?

A

energy that can do work when temperature and pressure are uniformed

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14
Q

What is an exergonic reaction?

A

releases energy

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15
Q

What is an Endergonic reaction?

A

absorbs energy

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16
Q

What reaction uses a non-spontaneous process?

A

Endergonic reaction

17
Q

What reaction uses a spontaneous process?

A

Exergonic reaction

18
Q

What does Pi refer to?

A

An inorganic phosphate

19
Q

What happens when ATP goes through hydrolysis?

A

It becomes ADP with an inorganic phosphate

20
Q

What is activation energy?

A

The initial energy needed to start a chemical reaction

21
Q

Why are enzymes needed?

A

Cells try to save more energy so enzymes are needed so that cells give up energy to make more cells

22
Q

What is an enzyme’s substrate?

A

The reactant that the enzyme is on

23
Q

What is an enzyme-substrate complex?

A

When the enzyme bunds to its substrate

24
Q

What is the active site?

A

Where on the enzyme that the substrate binds

25
Q

What are Factors that influence an enzymes activity?

A

More substrate molecules, temperature and pH, and chemicals that specifically influence the enzyme

Bio-181 (15 decks)

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