Chapter 8 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Emotion
a state of arousal involving facial and bodily changes, brain activation, cognitive appraisals, subjective feelings, and tendencies toward action, all shaped by cultural rules
3 components of emotion
body response (arousal), expressive reaction, subjective experience
Body response
increased blood pressure, heart rate, muscle tension, respiration, etc. associated with emotions
Expressive response
includes various facial and other bodily expressions that we can show, acting out in response to an emotional experience
Subjective response
how we label the psychological experience. Feelings of happiness, anger, fear, etc. this is how we feel when we express emotion.
Other indicators of emotion
body language, including posture, explicit acts, voice qualities
Culture learning position
the facial expressions of emotion are learned within a given culture. Diversity-Universality and Nature-Nurture enduring issues
Display rules
social and cultural rules that regulate when, how, and where a person may express
Ekman’s research
shows the universal/innate aspects of facial expressions, life when people (people smile when happy, frown when sad
Darwin’s view
Adaptive and survival functions - helps meet challenges of the social world
Communicative function - informs others how we feel/are likely to behave. Emotions as a nonverbal language
Buss’ view
Believes all our emotions and behaviors can be explained in the context of evolution. Natural selection explains not only why we stand upright but also how we think about the world, who we’re attracted to, and how we love
Goleman’s emotional intelligence
importance of emotions in our everyday, social lives
El - ability to identify your own and other people’s emotions accurately, express your emotions clearly, and regulate emotions in yourself
Damasio’s view
emotions are important in making good decisions. Really cannot, and should not, separate completely emotion and cognition/reason, that is, to think only with one’s heart and not with one’s heart
Plutchik’s classification system
primary emotions - found in all cultures; everywhere
Secondary emotions - not found in all cultures, outside wheel
Commonsense view
emotion leads to behavior stimulus (growling dog) -> emotion (subjective experience – fear) -> behavior (arousal/body response – run) … fear -> run
James-Lange theory
behavior leads to emotion stimulus (growling dog) -> arousal/behavior (run) -> emotion (fear; the reverse of the common sense view) … run -> fear
Cannon-Bard theory
both emotion and behavior occur simultaneously, one is not the cause of the other
Cognitive theory
cognitive evaluation of what is happening in the situation is needed before an emotion is experienced. Stimulus (growling dog) -> arousal/behavior -> cognitive appraisal/interpretation of stimulus -> emotion
PNS
Sympathetic Nervous System and the fight or flight response; hormones released
CNS
Limbic system/amygdala. Damage leads to difficulty “reading faces” and perceiving threat, leading to unprovoked aggression. Autism spectrum disorder
CNS again
Prefrontal cortex (brain’s executive) and its role in controlling emotions. Also, other regions of cortex are involved in interpreting the situation, which then contributes to the particular emotion experienced. Body Mind enduring issue
