Chapter 8 Flashcards
(18 cards)
What traits do women and men prioritize in sexual vs. marriage partners?
For sexual partners, both prioritize physical attractiveness, but men emphasize it more. For marriage, both value honesty, personality, and intelligence; physical attractiveness still ranks higher for men.
How does evolutionary psychology explain gender differences in mate preferences?
It suggests men seek attractive mates for reproductive fitness, while women seek partners with resources to help raise children.
How does the social-roles approach explain mate preferences?
It argues that preferences are shaped by gender roles—women’s lower economic power leads them to value financial stability; men value appearance due to societal norms.
What makes heterosexual relationships more satisfying?
Friendship, emotional expression, mutual respect, equality, and feminist beliefs in the partner increase relationship satisfaction.
How do women and men emotionally respond to breakups?
Both feel sadness, but women are more likely to feel joy and relief too. Women are more likely to blame their partner and experience a wider range of emotions.
What is the difference between traditional and egalitarian marriages?
Traditional marriages assign gendered roles (e.g., man = provider, woman = caretaker). Egalitarian marriages aim for shared roles and equal power.
What factors lead to marital satisfaction?
Good communication, trust, emotional support, and equal sharing of responsibilities predict happiness.
How does ethnicity impact marriage patterns?
Latina/o families may reflect machismo and marianismo. Black families often show egalitarian patterns. Asian American families may struggle between tradition and modern gender norms.
What are common reasons women initiate divorce?
Physical/emotional abuse, infidelity, and substance abuse are leading causes.
What are the typical effects of divorce on women?
Negative: Financial hardship, depression. Positive: Relief, empowerment.
What is heterosexism and how does it affect LGBTQ+ people?
Heterosexism is bias against non-heterosexual orientations. It can lead to prejudice, invisibility, and higher risks of mental health issues.
What factors support lesbian women’s well-being?
Acceptance of identity, community support, and affirming relationships increase self-esteem and life satisfaction.
What is the difference between ‘stable’ and ‘fluid’ lesbians?
Stable lesbians consistently identify as lesbian. Fluid lesbians experience shifts in sexual orientation over time.
How do lesbian relationships compare to heterosexual ones?
Lesbian couples often value equality and emotional closeness. Many are long-term and fulfilling.
What does Lisa Diamond’s research say about sexual orientation?
It shows that women’s sexual orientation is often fluid and influenced by emotional connections, not just fixed attraction.
What is ‘singlism’?
Singlism refers to the stigma and negative stereotypes toward single people, especially women.
What are the challenges and benefits of being a single woman?
Challenges: Social pressure, loneliness. Benefits: Independence, self-growth, fewer obligations.
How do single women of color face unique challenges?
They may face overlapping biases due to both gender and race, including stereotypes and economic barriers.
