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Residential Building and Construction Materials 1 > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

The weight of the building or component itself

A

Dead Load

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2
Q

The weight of snow, people, furnishings, machines, vehicles, and goods in or on a building

A

Live Load

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3
Q

A load on a building caused by wind pressure and/ or suction

A

Wind Load

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4
Q

Subsidence of the various foundation elements of a building at the same rate, resulting in no distress to the structure of the building

A

Uniform Settlement

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5
Q

Subsidence of the various foundation elements of a building at different rates

A

Differential Settlement

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6
Q

Earth material that is particulate

A

Soil

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7
Q

A continuous mass of solid mineral material, such as granite or limestone, which can only be removed by drilling and blasting

A

Rock

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8
Q

Consists of particles that can be lifted easily with thumb and forefinger

A

Gravel

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9
Q

Made up of individual particles that can be seen but are too small to be picked up individually

A

Sand

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10
Q

Particles that are approximately equidimensional and range in size from 0.002 to 0.00008 inch

A

Silt

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11
Q

Particles that are plate shaped rather than equidimensional and smaller than silt particles, less than 0.00008 inch

A

Clay

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12
Q

A soil, usually a clay, that expands greatly when wetted

A

Expansive Soil

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13
Q

Soil containing decayed vegetable and/ or animal matter; topsoil

A

Organic Soil

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14
Q

The ability of soil to retain its engineering properties during the lifetime of a building or other construction project

A

Soil Stability

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15
Q

These are important in predicting how water will flow on and under building sites and around building substructures

A

Soil Drainage Characteristics

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16
Q

The bearing capacity of soil

A

Allowable Soil Stress

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17
Q

The widened part of a foundation that spreads a load from the building across a broader area of soil

A

Footing

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18
Q

A durable element usually made of concrete, designed to spread the load of a column over an area of soil large enough to support the column over time

A

Column Footing

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19
Q

A long, narrow footing used to support a wall

A

Wall Footing (Strip Footing)

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20
Q

Soil in its natural state in the ground and not loosened or agitated in any way

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A

Undisturbed Soil

21
Q

The forcing upward of ground or buildings by the action of frost

22
Q

The depth in the earth to which the soil can be expected to freeze during a severe winter

23
Q

Earth compacted into place in such a way that it has predictable physical properties, based on laboratory tests and specified, supervised installation procedures

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A

Engineered Fill

24
Q

Crushed stone or gravel that has been deposited and tamped in accordance with an engineer’s directions in order that it may have specified structural properties

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A

Compact Gravel Fill

25
Concrete purposely formulated to have a very low nut known strength, used primarily as a backfill material
Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM)
26
These are cast in place on top of the poured concrete strip footings
Concrete Foundation Wall
27
A substance applied to concrete formwork to prevent concrete from adhering
Form-Release Compound
28
A steel or plastic rod with fasteners on each end, used to hold together the two surfaces of formwork for a concrete wall
Form Tie
29
A bolt embedded in concrete for the purpose of fastening a building frame to a concrete or masonry foundation
Anchor Bolt
30
A metal device that connects a building frame to its foundation in such a way that the frame cannot be lifted up by external forces such as wind or earthquake
Hold-Down
31
The wood strip bolted to the top of a foundation as a starting point for framing
Mudsill
32
A concrete surface lying upon, and supported directly by, the ground beneath
Slab On Grade
33
A grid of steel rods that are welded together, used to reinforce a concrete slab
Welded Wire Fabric
34
Short fibers of glass, steel, or polypropylene mixed into concrete to act as reinforcement against plastic shrinkage cracking
Fibrous Admixture
35
Insulating foam installed around the outside edges of a floor slab
Perimeter Insulation
36
An intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure
Control Joint
37
To strike off the surface of a concrete slab using screeds and a straight piece of lumber or metal
Strike Off (Straightedge)
38
A trowel with a slightly rough surface used in an intermediate stage of finishing a concrete slab; as a verb, to use a float for finishing concrete
Float
39
A thin, flat steel tool, either pointed or rectangular, provided with a handle and held in the hand, used to manipulate mastic, mortar, plaster, or concrete; also a machine whose rotating steel blades are used to finish concrete slabs
Trowel
40
A piece of wood or panel material on which a concrete finisher may stand or kneel in order to avoid footprints or kneeprints in an uncured concrete slab
Kneeboard
41
A concrete slab that has been strengthened after it was cured by stretching high-strength steel cables through tubes that were cast into it
Posttensioned Slab
42
A high-strength steel cable used to posttension cable
Tendon
43
A foundation made of preservative-treated wood and panels, together with a compacted crushed stone base and various waterproofing and drainage features
Permanent Wood Foundation (PWF)
44
Employ high strength (4000 to 5000 psi) concrete in efficient structural configurations to make full-height basement wall panels in length up to 12 feet
Precast Concrete Foundation
45
A very thick, highly porous plastic fabric through which water flowws readily
Drainage Matting
46
A coating applied to the outside face of a basement wall as a barrier to the passage pf water
Dampproofing
47
An impervious membrane applied to the outside of a foundation
Waterproofing
48
Codes in some cold climates permit polystyrene foam insulation boards to be used in a special configuration that allows the construction of footings above the normal frost line in the soil, resulting in lower excavation costs
Shallow Frost-Protected Foundation

Residential Building and Construction Materials 1 (8 decks)

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