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Biology Revision 🌱 > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

where does photosynthesis take place?

A

in the leaves of plants, in chlorophyll in chloroplasts

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2
Q

what happens during photosynthesis?

A

energy from the light is used to turn carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen

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3
Q

what is the equation for photosynthesis?

A

carbon dioxide + water -(light)-> glucose + oxygen

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4
Q

chemical formula for glucose

A

C6 H12 O6

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5
Q

is photosynthesis an endo or exo thermic reaction?

A

endothermic

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6
Q

why is photosynthesis an endothermic reaction?

A

it requires energy to break the bonds between the CO2 and H20

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7
Q

how are leaves adapted for photosynthesis? (5)

A

large SA
very thin
chlorophyll in the chloroplasts on the upper side of leaf
veins to give the cells nutrients they need and to remove waste products
air spaces allow CO2 to reach all cells

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8
Q

why would a photosynthesising leaf turn iodine blue black?

A

starch is made up of simple sugars like glucose

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9
Q

relationship between starch and glucose?

A

carbohydrates like starch are made up of simple sugars like glucose

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10
Q

limiting factors of photosynthesis (3)

A

light
temperature
CO2 concentration

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11
Q

how is light a limiting factor of photosynthesis

A

when there is no light, the cells can’t get the energy they need to turn the reactants into products

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12
Q

how is temperature a limiting factor of photosynthesis?

A

an increase of temperature will increase the rate of reaction
photosynthesis is controlled by enzymes so a very high temperature will denature them

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13
Q

how is carbon dioxide a limiting factor for photosynthesis?

A

plants need CO2 for photosynthesis

too little CO2 means photosynthesis can’t take place

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14
Q

when is CO2 a limiting factor and why?

A

in the day
at night plants respire but don’t photosynthesise = more CO2
in the day, plants photosynthesise and respire = less CO2

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15
Q

why is chlorosis so bad for plants?

A

the yellow colour means there is no chlorophyll for photosynthesis so the plant can’t grow and therefore dies

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16
Q

how do plants use glucose?

A 
to make cellulose for strong cell walls
to get stored as starch 
to get stored in seeds
to get stored as lipids
to make protein
17
Q

why is it better to store glucose as starch?

A

glucose is soluble in water, meaning it affects the water concentration and therefore osmosis

18
Q

where is starch stored?

A

roots, stem and leaves

19
Q

how do plants turn sugars into proteins

A

they combine the sugars with nitrate ions and other nutrients in the soil

20
Q

why can only certain plants, like venus fly traps, live in bogs?

A

there is no nitrate ions to be turned into protein for growth, so they get it from animals they eat

21
Q

how do greenhouses effect photosynthesis? (2)

A

they are warm so the process speeds up

the owner can control everything

22
Q

what is hydroponics?

A

when plants are grown in a solution with optimum nutrients

23
Q

what is different about hydroponics rather than a greenhouse?

A

in hydroponics, you can control everything

24
Q

How to algae get CO2

A

Absorb it from the water surrounding them

25
Q

When you get a straight line on a graph of photosynthesis what does this tell you

A

Something has become the limiting factor

26
Q

What is the light intensity inverse square law?

A

Light intensity is indirectly proportional to the distance^2

27
Q

What is cellulose used for

A

Strength

28
Q

What do plants do 24/7

A

Respite

29
Q

Advantages to hydroponics 3

A

Less staff needed
Shorter growth time
Larger final crop

30
Q

Disadvantages to hydroponics 3

A

Expansive monitoring equipment
Alarms if things go wrong
Energy needed to maintain optimum conditions

Biology Revision 🌱 (18 decks)

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