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Biol235 Quiz 2 > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

(84 cards)

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1
Q

Other words for joint

A

Articulation
Arthrosis

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2
Q

Fibrous joints

A

No synovial
Dense irregular connective tissue with lots of collagen fibers

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3
Q

Cartilaginous joints

A

No synovial
Held by cartilage

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4
Q

Synovial joints

A

Synovial cavity
Dense irregular connective tissue and accessory ligaments

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5
Q

Synarthrosis

A

Immovable

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6
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

Slightly movable

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7
Q

Diarthrosis

A

Freely movable

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8
Q

Fibrous joint types

A

Sutures
Syndesmoses
Interosseous membranes

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9
Q

Sutures

A

Between bones of skull
Synarthroses/disrthrosis

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10
Q

Synostosis

A

Suture replaced by bone

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11
Q

Syndesmoses

A

Fibrous
Greater distance/DICT than suture arranged as ligament
Amphiarthrosis

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12
Q

Interosseous membranes

A

Substantial sheet of DICT binding neighbouring long bones

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13
Q

Cartilaginous joint types

A

Synchondroses
Symphyses
Epiphyseal cartilages

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14
Q

Synchondrosis

A

Hyaline cartilage

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15
Q

Symphyses

A

Articulating bones have hyaline cartilage but Fibrocartilage discs inbetween
Midline of body

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16
Q

Epiphyseal cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage growth centers in Endochondral ossification

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17
Q

Unique characteristics of synovial joints

A

Synovial cavity
Articular cartilage

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18
Q

Articular capsule

A

Outer fibrous membrane: DITC attaches to periosteum

Inner synovial membrane: areolar connective with elastic fibers

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19
Q

Ligaments

A

Fiber bundles of DICT

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20
Q

Articular fat pads

A

Accumulations of adipose tissue at synovial membrane

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21
Q

Synovial fluid

A

Hyaluronic acid secreted by synovial cells
Interstitial fluid filtered from blood plasma

Lubircates, reduces shock, supply o2 nutrients removed wastes microbes debris

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22
Q

Accessory ligaments

A

Extracapsular ligaments: outside articular capsule
Intracapsulsr ligaments: inside articular capsule

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23
Q

Articular discs/menisci

A

Crescent shaped pads of Fibrocartilage
Divide cavity into two spaces

Shock absorption, better fit between bone, adaptable surface for combine movement, weight distribution, synovial lubricant distribution

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24
Q

Labrum

A

Fibrocsrtilaginous lip to depend ball and socket joints

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25
Bursae
Sac-like structures resembling joint capsules Cushion movement
26
Tending sheath/ synovial sheaths
Tube like bursae wrap around tendons Visceral/parietal layers
27
Gliding
Back/forth Side/side
28
Types of moments
Gliding Angular Rotation Special
29
Angular movement types
Flexing Lateral felxison Extension Hypertension Abduction Addiction Circumduction
30
Flexion
Decrease in angle Sagital
31
Extension
Increase in angle Sagittal
32
Lateral flexion
Movement of trunk Frontal
33
Hyperextension
Extension beyond anatomical position
34
Abduction
Away from midline Frontal
35
Adduction
Toward midline
36
Circumduction
Flexion abduction extension adduction or opp order
37
Rotation
Around longitudinal axis Medial toward midline Lateral away midline
38
Elevation
Superior movement
39
Depression
Inferior movemtn
40
Protraction
Anterior along transverse
41
Retraction
Posterior along transverse
42
Inversion
Sole medial
43
Eversion
Sole lateral
44
Dorsiflexion
Stand on heels
45
Plantar flexion
Stand on toes
46
Supination
Forearm (palm) anteriorly
47
Pronation
Forearm (palm) posteriorly
48
Opposition
Thumb across palm to touch fingertips
49
Types of synovial joints
Plane Hinge Pivot Condyloid Saddle Ball and socket
50
Plane
Flat Biaxial/triaxial Back/front Side/side Rotation
51
Hinge
Convex to concave Uniaxial Flexion/extension
52
Pivot
Round to ring Uniaxial Rotation
53
Condyloid
Oval projection to oval depression Biaxial Flexion/extension Abduction/adduction
54
Saddle
Saddle to person sitting Biaxial Flexion/extension Abduction/adduction
55
Ball and socket
Ball to cup Triaxial Flexion Abduction Rotation
56
Atlanto occipital
Superior articular facets of atlas and occipital Condyles Synovial (Condyloid) diarthrosis Flexion/extension slight lateral extension
57
Atlanto axial
1.Dens of axis and anterior arch of atlas 2.Lateral masses of atlas and axis 1.Synovial (pivot) diarthrosis 2.Synovial (planar) diarthrosis Rotation
58
Lumbosacral
1.body of L5 and base of sacrum 2. Inferior articular facets of L5 and superior articular facets of S1 1. Cartilaginous (symphsis) Amphiarthrosis 2. Synovial (planar) diarthrosis Flexion extension lateral rotation of vertebral column
59
Sternoclavicular
Sternal end of clavicle, manubrium of sternum, first costal cartilage Synovial (plane,pivot) diarthrosis Gliding, limited movements in nearly every other direction
60
Radioulnar
Proximal: head of radius and radial notch of ulna Distal: ulnar notch of radius and head of ulna Synovial (pivot) diarthrosis Rotation
61
Pubic symphysis
Anterior surfaces of hip bones Cartilaginous (symphses) amphiarthrosis Slight movements (more during pregnancy)
62
TMJ (type,parts,movements)
Hinge/plane Condylar process of mandible Mandibular fossa/articular tubercle of temporal Depression elevation protraction retraction lateral displacement slight rotation
63
Shoulder joint (type,parts,movements)
Ball and socket Head of humerus and Glenoid cavity of scapula Articular capsule Coracohumeral ligament Glenhumeral ligament Transverse humeral ligament Glenoid labrum Bursae Flexion extension hypertension abduction adduction medial/lateral rotation Circumduction
64
Where does shoulder strength come from
Some from ligaments most from muscle surrounding joint especially rotator cuff muscles
65
Coracohumeral ligament
Strong broad strengthens superior articular capsule, reinforced anterior Coracoid process to greater tubercle
66
Glenohumeral ligament
Three thickenings of articular capsule extend from Glenoid cavity to lesser tubercle on anterior Stabalization
67
Transverse humeral ligament
Narrow sheet from. Greater to lesser tubercle Hold head of biceps
68
Glenoid labrum
Narrow ridge of fibrocartilage to deepen it
69
Elbow joint (type,parts,movement)
Hinge Trochlea/capitulum of humerus Trochlear notch of ulna Head of radius Articular capsule Ulnar collateral ligament Radial collateral ligament Anular ligament of radius Flexion extension
70
Ulnar collateral ligament
Thick triangular Medial Epicondyle of humerus to coronoid process/olecranon of ulna Deepens socket for trochlea
71
Radial collateral ligament
Strong triangular Lateral Epicondyle to anular ligament of radius and radial notch of ulna
72
Anular ligament of radius
String band encircles head o radius Hold head in radial notch of ulna
73
Hip joint (type,parts,movements)
Ball and socket Head of femur acetabulum of hip Articular capsule Ligament of head of femur Flexion extension abduction adduction lateral/medial rotation Circumduction of thigh
74
Ligament of head of femur
Flat triangular Fossa of acetabulum to fovea capitulation of head of femur Small artery supplies femur head
75
Knee joint (s)
Modified hinge consists of three joints Laterally: tibiofemoral joint- lateral condyle, lateral meniscus, and lateral Condyle of tibia Medially: tibiofemoral joint- medial Condyle, medical meniscus, medial Condyle of tibia Intermediate: patellofemoral joint- patella and patellar surface of femur
76
Medial and lateral patellar retinacula
Fused tendons of quadriceps femora and fascia Lara Strengthen anterior of knee joint
77
Patellar ligament
Continuation of common tendon of quadriceps femoris extend from patella to tibial tuberosity Strengthens anterior of knee joint
78
Tibial collateral ligament
Broad flat, medial surface Medial Condyle of femur to medial Condyle of tibia Tendons cross over strength medial aspect
79
Fibular collateral ligament
Strong rounded, lateral surface Lateral Condyle of femur to lateral side of fibula head Strengthens lateral aspect
80
Intracapsular ligaments of knee
Anterior cruciate ligaments PCL
81
ACL
Limits hyperextension prevents anterior sliding of tibia on femur Stretched/torn in 70% serious knee injuries
82
PCL
Prevent posterior sliding of tibia (anterior of femur) when knee is flexed Walking down stairs
83
Articular discs of knee
Medial meniscus: C shaped Lateral meniscus: nearly O shaped
84
Movement saturday knee joint
Flexion extension slight medial rotation lateral rotation of leg

Biol235 Quiz 2 (5 decks)

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