Chapter 9 Flashcards
What four things meet genetic material criteria
Information
Transmission
Replication
Variation
What is transformation
When something from one bacteria turns another bacteria into itself
The transforming principle allowed this to happen
What forms nucleic acids
Nucleotides
Nucleotides are linked to form strands of DNA and RNA
What is a nucleotide
Repeating structural component of DNA or RNA
What are the three components of a nucleotide
Phosphate group
Pentose sugar like DNA or RNA
Nitrogenous base
What is a nucleoside
Base and a sugar
What bonds are between nucleotides
Phosphodiester linkage
In terms of direction what does DNA have
Antiparallel strands that run 5’ to 3’
What makes up the backbone of nucleic acid strands
Phosphates and sugar molecules
How many base pairs are there per one complete turn in DNA
10 base pairs
What is chargaffs rule
Adenine will bond with thymine
Cytosine will bond with guanine
Which way does a DNA strand turn
Right handed helix
What kind of bond is between complementary base pairs of a dna structure
Hydrogen bonds
What is the most common form of dna secondary structure
B DNA which usually has the bases relatively perpendicular to the central axis
What is Z DNA
Left handed helix
12 base pairs per turn
Favor the alternating purine pyrimidine sequences at high salt concentrations
Favors negative supercoiling
Favors cytosine methylation at low salt concentrations
Bases are usually tilted relative to the central axis and follows a zig zag pattern
